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Intregrating metallic wiring with three-dimensional polystyrene colloidal crystals using electron-beam lithography and three-dimensional laser lithography

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Tian, Y., Isotalo, T., Konttinen, M. P., Li, J., Heiskanen, S., Geng, Z., & Maasilta, I. (2017). Intregrating metallic wiring with three-dimensional polystyrene colloidal crystals using electron-beam lithography and three-dimensional laser lithography. Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics, 50(5), Article 055302. https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa5004
Published in
Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics
Authors
Tian, Yaolan |
Isotalo, Tero |
Konttinen, Mikko P. |
Li, Jiawei |
Heiskanen, Samuli |
Geng, Zhuoran |
Maasilta, Ilari
Date
2017
Discipline
Nanoscience CenterNanoscience Center
Copyright
© 2017 IOP Publishing Ltd. This is a final draft version of an article whose final and definitive form has been published by IOP. Published in this repository with the kind permission of the publisher.

 
We demonstrate a method to fabricate narrow, down to a few micron wide metallic leads on top of a three-dimensional colloidal crystal self-assembled from polystyrene (PS) nanospheres of diameter 260 nm, using electron-beam lithography. This fabrication is not straightforward due to the fact that PS nanospheres cannot usually survive the harsh chemical treatments required in the development and lift-off steps of electron-beam lithography. We solve this problem by increasing the chemical resistance of the PS nanospheres using an additional electron-beam irradiation step, which allows the spheres to retain their shape and their self-assembled structure, even after baking to a temperature of 160 degrees C, the exposure to the resist developer and the exposure to acetone, all of which are required for the electron-beam lithography step. Moreover, we show that by depositing an aluminum oxide capping layer on top of the colloidal crystal after the e-beam irradiation, the surface is smooth enough so that continuous metal wiring can be deposited by the electron-beam lithography. Finally, we also demonstrate a way to self-assemble PS colloidal crystals into a microscale container, which was fabricated using direct-write three-dimensional laser-lithography. Metallic wiring was also successfully integrated with the combination of a container structure and a PS colloidal crystal. Our goal is to make a device for studies of thermal transport in 3D phononic crystals, but other phononic or photonic crystal applications could also be envisioned. Keywords: self-assembly, colloidal crystal, cross-linking, electron-beam lithography, three-dimensional lithography, phononic crystal, photonic crystal. ...
Publisher
IOP Publishing
ISSN Search the Publication Forum
0022-3727
Keywords
colloidal crystal cross-linking electron-beam lithography phononic crystal photonic crystal self-assembly three-dimensional lithography
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/aa5004
URI

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201710244055

Publication in research information system

https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/26531733

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