Exercise and brain health in patients with coronary artery disease : study protocol for the HEART-BRAIN randomized controlled trial
Toval, A., Solis-Urra, P., Bakker, E. A., Sánchez-Aranda, L., Fernández-Ortega, J., Prieto, C., Alonso-Cuenca, R. M., González-García, A., Martín-Fuentes, I., Fernandez-Gamez, B., Olvera-Rojas, M., Coca-Pulido, A., Bellón, D., Sclafani, A., Sanchez-Martinez, J., Rivera-López, R., Herrera-Gómez, N., Peñafiel-Burkhardt, R., López-Espinosa, V., . . . Ortega, F. B. (2024). Exercise and brain health in patients with coronary artery disease : study protocol for the HEART-BRAIN randomized controlled trial. Frontiers in Aging Neuroscience, 16, Article 1437567. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2024.1437567
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Frontiers in Aging NeuroscienceAuthors
Date
2024Copyright
© 2024 Toval, Solis-Urra, Bakker,
Sánchez-Aranda, Fernández-Ortega, Prieto,
Alonso-Cuenca, González-García,
Martín-Fuentes, Fernandez-Gamez,
Olvera-Rojas, Coca-Pulido, Bellón, Sclafani,
Sanchez-Martinez, Rivera-López,
Herrera-Gómez, Peñafiel-Burkhardt,
López-Espinosa, Corpas-Pérez,
García-Ortega, Vega-Cordoba,
Barranco-Moreno, Morales-Navarro, Nieves,
Caro-Rus, Amaro-Gahete, Mora-Gonzalez,
Vidal-Almela, Carlén, Migueles, Erickson,
Moreno-Escobar, García-Orta,
Esteban-Cornejo and Ortega.
Introduction: Patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) have a higher risk of developing cognitive impairment and mental health disorders compared to the general population. Physical exercise might improve their brain health. The overall goal of the HEART-BRAIN randomized controlled trial (RCT) is to investigate the effects of different types of exercise on brain health outcomes in patients with CAD, and the underlying mechanisms.
Methods: This three-arm, single-blinded RCT will include 90 patients with CAD (50-75 years). Participants will be randomized into: (1) control group-usual care (n = 30), (2) aerobic high-intensity interval training (HIIT) (n = 30), or (3) HIIT combined with resistance exercise training (n = 30). The 12-week intervention includes 3 supervised sessions (45-min each) per week for the exercise groups. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and post-intervention. The primary outcome is to determine changes in cerebral blood flow assessed by magnetic resonance imaging. Secondary outcomes include changes in brain vascularization, cognitive measures (i.e., general cognition, executive function and episodic memory), and cardiorespiratory fitness. Additional health-related outcomes, and several potential mediators and moderators will be investigated (i.e., brain structure and function, cardiovascular and brain-based biomarkers, hemodynamics, physical function, body composition, mental health, and lifestyle behavior).
Conclusion: The HEART-BRAIN RCT will provide novel insights on how exercise can impact brain health in patients with CAD and the potential mechanisms explaining the heart-brain connection, such as changes in cerebral blood flow. The results may have important clinical implications by increasing the evidence on the effectiveness of exercise-based strategies to delay cognitive decline in this high-risk population.
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The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. The HEART-BRAIN Project is supported with the Grant PID2020-120249RB-I00 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033. Additional support was obtained from the Andalusian Government (Junta de Andalucía, Plan Andaluz de Investigación, ref. P20_00124) and the CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Granada, Spain. Moreover, EB has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. [101064851]. AT has received funding from the Junta de Andalucia, Spain, under the Postdoctoral Research Fellows (Ref. POSTDOC_21_00745). IE-C is supported by RYC2019-027287-I grant funded MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/MCIN/ and “ESF Investing in your future.” IM-F is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (JDC2022-049642-I). AC was funded by postdoctoral research grants from the Swedish Heart-Lung Foundation (grant number 20230343), the County Council of Ostergotland, Sweden (grant number RÖ-990967), the Swedish Society of Cardiology, and the Swedish Society of Clinical Physiology. BF-G is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Education, Culture and Sport (PID2022-137399OB-I00) funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE+. MO-R, LS-A and JF-O are supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities (FPU 22/02476, FPU 21/06192 and FPU 22/03052, respectively). JM is supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities under Beatriz Galindo’s 2022 fellowship program (BG22/00075). JS-M is supported by the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID)/Scholarship Program/DOCTORADO BECAS CHILE/2022-(Grant N°72220164). SV-A is supported by a Health and Behavior International Collaborative Award by the Society of Behavioral Medicine. This work is part of a PhD thesis conducted in the Doctoral Programme in Biomedicine of the University of Granada, Granada, Spain. ...License
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