Quadrature-Averaged Homodyne Detection for Estimating Cavity Parameters
La Gala, G. R., Kumar, A. S., Leijssen, R., Verhagen, E., & Muhonen, J. T. (2023). Quadrature-Averaged Homodyne Detection for Estimating Cavity Parameters. Physical Review Applied, 19(6), Article 064006. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.19.064006
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Physical Review AppliedAuthors
Date
2023Copyright
© 2023 American Physical Society
Balanced homodyne interferometry is a well-known detection technique that allows for sensitive characterization of light fields. Conventionally a homodyne interferometer is operated by locking the relative phase of a reference beam to the signal beam by means of an active feedback loop. A less often used method is to perform a slow continuous modulation of the reference beam arm length that corresponds to averaging all relative phases during the measurement. Here we show theoretically and experimentally that this quadrature averaging can be advantageous in estimating the parameters of a resonant optical cavity. We demonstrate that the averaging turns the transduction function, from cavity frequency fluctuations into the interferometer signal, into a simple function of the laser detuning that, notably, does not depend on the parameters of possible nonresonant channels present in the system. The method needs no active feedback and gives results that are easy to interpret. Moreover, the phase-averaged measurement allows characterization of the absolute magnitude of a cavity frequency modulation.
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/183793826
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Research Council of Finland; European CommissionFunding program(s)
Academy Research Fellow, AoF; ERC Starting Grant![](/themes/JYX2/images/funders/erc_logo_thumb.jpg)
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The content of the publication reflects only the author’s view. The funder is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.
Additional information about funding
We thank Amy Navarathna for assistance in sample fabrication. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant Agreements No. 852428 and No. 759644) and from Academy of Finland Grant No. 321416. This work is part of the research programme of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research (NWO), and supported by an NWO Vidi grant.![showless](/themes/JYX2//images/showless.png)
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