Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence
Aira, T., Kokko, S. P., Heinonen, O. J., Korpelainen, R., Kotkajuuri, J., Parkkari, J., Savonen, K., Toivo, K., Uusitalo, A., Valtonen, M., Villberg, J., Niemelä, O., Vähä‐Ypyä, H., & Vasankari, T. (2023). Longitudinal physical activity patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors during adolescence. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 33(9), 1807-1820. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14415
Authors
Date
2023Discipline
TerveyskasvatusHyvinvoinnin tutkimuksen yhteisöHealth Promotion and Health EducationSchool of WellbeingCopyright
© 2023 The Authors. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science In Sports published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd
Purpose
To examine the associations between longitudinal physical activity (PA) patterns and the development of cardiometabolic risk factors from adolescence to young adulthood.
Methods
This cohort study encompassed 250 participants recruited from sports clubs and schools, and examined at mean age 15 and 19. Device-measured moderate-to-vigorous PA was grouped into five patterns (via a data-driven method, using inactivity maintainers as a reference). The outcomes were: glucose, insulin, homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), total cholesterol, HDL and LDL cholesterol, triglycerides, blood pressure, and body mass index (BMI). Linear growth curve models were applied with adjustment for sex, age, fruit/vegetable consumption, cigarette/snuff use, and change in the device wear-time.
Results
Insulin and BMI increased among decreasers from moderate to low PA (β for insulin 0.23, 95% CI 0.03–0.46; β for BMI 0.90; CI 0.02–1.78). The concentration of HDL cholesterol decreased (β −0.18, CI −0.31 to −0.05) and that of glucose increased (β 0.18, CI 0.02–0.35) among decreasers from high to moderate PA. By contrast, among increasers, blood pressure declined (systolic β −6.43, CI −12.16 to −0.70; diastolic β −6.72, CI −11.03 to −2.41).
Conclusions
Already during the transition to young adulthood, changes in PA are associated with changes in cardiometabolic risk factors. Favorable blood pressure changes were found among PA increasers. Unfavorable changes in BMI, insulin, glucose, and HDL cholesterol were found in groups with decreasing PA. The changes were dependent on the baseline PA and the magnitude of the PA decline.
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WileyISSN Search the Publication Forum
0905-7188Keywords
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/183381484
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Related funder(s)
Ministry of Education and CultureFunding program(s)
OthersAdditional information about funding
This work was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture (major, grant numbers: 6/091/2011, 28/626/2016), and the Ministry of Social Affairs and Health (minor, grant number: 152/THL/TE/2012), encompassing all parts of the study. The funders had no role in the study design, data collection, statistical analysis or preparation of this manuscript.License
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