The effects of an exercise intervention on neuroelectric activity and executive function in children with overweight/obesity : The ActiveBrains randomized controlled trial
Mora‐Gonzalez, J., Esteban‐Cornejo, I., Solis‐Urra, P., Rodriguez‐Ayllon, M., Cadenas‐Sanchez, C., Hillman, C. H., Kramer, A. F., Catena, A., & Ortega, F. B. (2024). The effects of an exercise intervention on neuroelectric activity and executive function in children with overweight/obesity : The ActiveBrains randomized controlled trial. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine and Science in Sports, 34(1), Article e14486. https://doi.org/10.1111/sms.14486
Authors
Date
2024Copyright
© 2023 the Authors
Objective
To investigate whether a 20-week aerobic and resistance exercise program induces changes in brain current density underlying working memory and inhibitory control in children with overweight/obesity.
Methods
A total of 67 children (10.00 ± 1.10 years) were randomized into an exercise or control group. Electroencephalography (EEG)-based current density (μA/mm2) was estimated using standardized low-resolution brain electromagnetic tomography (sLORETA) during a working memory task (Delayed non-matched-to-sample task, DNMS) and inhibitory control task (Modified flanker task, MFT). In DNMS, participants had to memorize four stimuli (Pokemons) and then select between two of them, one of which had not been previously shown. In MFT, participants had to indicate whether the centered cow (i.e., target) of five faced the right or left.
Results
The exercise group had significantly greater increases in brain activation in comparison with the control group during the encoding phase of DNMS, particularly during retention of second stimuli in temporal and frontal areas (peak t = from 3.4 to 3.8, cluster size [k] = from 11 to 39), during the retention of the third stimuli in frontal areas (peak t = from 3.7 to 3.9, k = from 15 to 26), and during the retention of the fourth stimuli in temporal and occipital areas (peak t = from 2.7 to 4.3, k = from 13 to 101). In MFT, the exercise group presented a lower current density change in the middle frontal gyrus (peak t = −4.1, k = 5). No significant change was observed between groups for behavioral performance (p ≥ 0.05).
Conclusion
A 20-week exercise program modulates brain activity which might provide a positive influence on working memory and inhibitory control in children with overweight/obesity.
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/189065701
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Additional information about funding
The present study was supported mainly by Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness' grants (DEP2013-47540, DEP2016-79512-R, and DEP2017-91544-EXP), the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation, the European Commission (No 667302), the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). Also, the Andalusian Operational Programme supported with ERDF (FEDER in Spanish, B-CTS-355-UGR18) funded this project. Additionally, this study was supported by the University of Granada, Plan Propio de Investigación, Visiting Scholar grants and Excellence actions: Units of Excellence; Unit of Excellence on Exercise and Health (UCEES) and by the Junta de Andalucía (Consejería de Conocimiento, Investigación y Universidades) and ERDF (SOMM17/6107/UGR). The SAMID III network, RETICS, funded by the PN I + D + I 2017-2021 (Spain), and the EXERNET Research Network on Exercise and Health (DEP2005-00046/ACTI; and by the High Council of Sports, 09/UPB/19) also funded this project. J.M-G. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FPU 14/06837) and the Junta de Andalucía (Ref. DOC_00504). IEC was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FJCI-2014-19563; IJCI-2017-33642; RYC2019-027287-I). P.S-U was supported by a grant from the National Agency for Research and Development (ANID)/BECAS Chile/72180543. M.R-A was supported by the Alicia Koplowitz Foundation. C.C-S. was supported by grants from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (FPI- BES-2014-068829; FJC2018-037925-I). Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada/CBUA.![showless](/themes/JYX2//images/showless.png)
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