Medicative diet : the importance of diet and prophylactic treatment on survival and immunity of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis (Arctiidae) larvae
Julkaistu sarjassa
Jyväskylä studies in biological and environmental scienceTekijät
Päivämäärä
2018Oppiaine
Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologiaDiet is one of the major factors directly and indirectly influencing insect’s life
history traits and risk of getting infected. Additionally the insect’s fitness is
severely affected by the broad diversity of parasites they are exposed to. As a
consequence insects have developed well-evolved defences. Behavioural
responses include self-medication, the ability of insects to change dietary intake
in response to an infection. When studying this ability it is of major importance
to consider the insects natural diet range. In this thesis I investigated the effect
of different host plants on fitness and immunocompetence of polyphagous
Arctia plantaginis larvae and whether the larvae can therapeutically and
prophylactically self-medicate by optimising their diet intake. Additionally I
examined the long-term effect of prophylactic treatment on lab-reared larvae
from the same species. Feeding experiments reveal that the host plants plantain
(high in biologically active compounds) and dandelion (high nutritional value)
have different effect on the larval development and survival. Results show that
a monotonous plantain diet provides lowest protection against an infection,
whereas a diet switch from plantain to dandelion increases survival.
Immunocompetence seems to be not differently affected by the two host plants.
When given the choice, all larvae choose to ingest a mixture of both plants. The
ratio of both plants differed depending on the infection status or infection risk
in their environment compared to control larvae. This highlights the importance
of a mixed diet for some polyphagous species and that dietary variety should
be considered when studying insects’ ability to therapeutically and
prophylactically medicate. A prophylactic medication applied to laboratory-
reared insects showed negative effects on life-history traits and reproductive
success, and thus should be carefully considered. In conclusion these findings
provide insights in the crucial importance of diet mixing for polyphagous
larvae and show evidence for the larvae ability to therapeutically and
prophylactically medicate by mixing their diet.
...
Muu nimeke
Importance of diet and prophylactic treatment on survival and immunity of polyphagous Arctia plantaginis (Arctiidae) larvaeJulkaisija
University of JyväskyläISBN
978-951-39-7350-6ISSN Hae Julkaisufoorumista
1456-9701Julkaisuun sisältyy osajulkaisuja
- Artikkeli I: Dickel, F., Mappes, J. & Freitak, D. 2017. Variation in diet can increase the resistance of polyphagous larvae against an infection. Manuscript.
- Artikkeli II: Dickel, F., Freitak, D., Stucki, D. & Mappes, J. 2017. Polyphagous larvae know how to stay healthy. Manuscript. Manuscript.
- Artikkeli III: Dickel, F., Murphy L., Freitak, D. & Mappes, J. 2017. Prophylaxis under high infection risk: Can polyphagous larvae avoid getting sick? Manuscript.
- Artikkeli IV: Dickel, F., Freitak, D. & Mappes, J. 2016. Long-term prophylactic antibiotic treatment: effects on survival, immunocompetence and reproduction success of Parasemia plantaginis (Arctiinae). Journal of Insect Science 16: 46. DOI: 10.1093/jisesa/iew035.
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