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dc.contributor.authorJokela, Markus
dc.contributor.authorPekkarinen, Tuomas
dc.contributor.authorSarvimäki, Matti
dc.contributor.authorTerviö, Marko
dc.contributor.authorUusitalo, Roope
dc.date.accessioned2017-06-29T11:21:46Z
dc.date.available2017-06-29T11:21:46Z
dc.date.issued2017
dc.identifier.citationJokela, M., Pekkarinen, T., Sarvimäki, M., Terviö, M., & Uusitalo, R. (2017). Secular rise in economically valuable personality traits. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>, <i>114</i>(25), 6527-6532. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609994114" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1609994114</a>
dc.identifier.otherCONVID_27047395
dc.identifier.otherTUTKAID_74028
dc.identifier.urihttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/54722
dc.description.abstractAlthough trends in many physical characteristics and cognitive capabilities of modern humans are well-documented, less is known about how personality traits have evolved over time. We analyze data from a standardized personality test administered to 79% of Finnish men born between 1962 and 1976 (n = 419,523) and find steady increases in personality traits that predict higher income in later life. The magnitudes of these trends are similar to the simultaneous increase in cognitive abilities, at 0.2–0.6 SD during the 15-y window. When anchored to earnings, the change in personality traits amounts to a 12% increase. Both personality and cognitive ability have consistent associations with family background, but the trends are similar across groups defined by parental income, parental education, number of siblings, and rural/ urban status. Nevertheless, much of the trends in test scores can be attributed to changes in the family background composition, namely 33% for personality and 64% for cognitive ability. These composition effects are mostly due to improvements in parents’ education. We conclude that there is a “Flynn effect” for personality that mirrors the original Flynn effect for cognitive ability in magnitude and practical significance but is less driven by compositional changes in family background.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherNational Academy of Sciences
dc.relation.ispartofseriesProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
dc.subject.othercognitive ability
dc.subject.othercohort effects
dc.subject.otherearnings
dc.subject.otherFlynn effect
dc.titleSecular rise in economically valuable personality traits
dc.typearticle
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201706283155
dc.contributor.laitosKauppakorkeakoulufi
dc.contributor.laitosSchool of Business and Economicsen
dc.contributor.oppiaineBasic or discovery scholarshipfi
dc.contributor.oppiaineTaloustiedefi
dc.contributor.oppiaineBasic or discovery scholarshipen
dc.contributor.oppiaineEconomicsen
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle
dc.date.updated2017-06-28T12:15:08Z
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.description.reviewstatuspeerReviewed
dc.format.pagerange6527-6532
dc.relation.issn0027-8424
dc.relation.numberinseries25
dc.relation.volume114
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion
dc.rights.copyright© the Authors, 2017. This is an open access article published by National Academy of Sciences.
dc.rights.accesslevelopenAccessfi
dc.relation.grantnumber293445 VATT
dc.relation.grantnumber303686
dc.subject.ysokognitiiviset taidot
dc.subject.ysotulotaso
dc.subject.ysopersoonallisuuden piirteet
dc.subject.ysotulot
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p24920
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p23855
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p291
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p941
dc.relation.doi10.1073/pnas.1609994114
dc.relation.funderSuomen Akatemiafi
dc.relation.funderSuomen Akatemiafi
dc.relation.funderResearch Council of Finlanden
dc.relation.funderResearch Council of Finlanden
jyx.fundingprogramStrategisen tutkimuksen ohjelmat STN, SAfi
jyx.fundingprogramStrategisen tutkimuksen ohjelmat STN, SAfi
jyx.fundingprogramStrategic research programmes, AoFen
jyx.fundingprogramStrategic research programmes, AoFen
jyx.fundinginformationS. We thank Kai Nyman and Kari Laitinen at the FDF for help in assisting with access to data and interpreting test scores and Annaliina Kotilainen for excellent research assistance. T.P., M.S., and R.U. were supported by Strategic Research Council at the Academy of Finland Grants 293445 and 303686. M.T. was supported by European Research Council Grant ERC-240970.
dc.type.okmA1


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