Effects of multicomponent exercise intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors in children and young adults with cerebral palsy : a multiple-baseline trial
Savikangas, T., Valadão, P., Haapala, E. A., & Finni, T. (2024). Effects of multicomponent exercise intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors in children and young adults with cerebral palsy : a multiple-baseline trial. BMC Sports Science, Medicine and Rehabilitation, 16, Article 219. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13102-024-01006-0
Published in
BMC Sports Science, Medicine and RehabilitationDate
2024Copyright
© The Author(s) 2024
Background
Adults with cerebral palsy (CP) have a high risk of cardiometabolic diseases. It is unknown whether this risk is elevated in young people with CP and whether exercise can reduce this risk. Therefore, we investigated the effects of the EXErcise for Cerebral Palsy (EXECP) intervention on cardiometabolic risk in children and young adults with CP and compared this risk to typically developing children and young adults (TDs).
Methods
Ambulatory male and female participants with spastic CP, aged 9–24 years, and age- and sex-matched TDs without musculoskeletal disorders were recruited. Participants with CP were measured at baseline, after a three-month control period manifesting normal development, and after the three-month strength, gait, and flexibility training intervention. TDs were measured at baseline and after the control period. They did not attend the intervention. Cardiometabolic risk factors included body weight, body fat percentage, and skeletal muscle mass index assessed with bioimpedance; resting systolic and diastolic blood pressure and aortic pulse wave velocity assessed with a non-invasive oscillometric device; fasting plasma high-density and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels. Data were analyzed with independent samples t-tests and linear mixed-effects models adjusted for sex and age.
Results
The study involved 18 participants with CP (13 males, 9–22 year, mean 14.2 ± 4.4) and 17 TDs (12 males, 9–22 year, mean 14.6 ± 4.3). At baseline, participants with CP had a 1.0 (95% confidence interval (CI) [-2.0, -0.0]) kg/m2 lower skeletal muscle mass index than TDs. During the control period, no statistically significant between-group differences were observed in the change of any outcome. In the CP group, body weight (β = 1.87, 95% CI [1.04, 2.70]), fat percentage (β = 1.22 [0.07, 2.37], and blood glucose (β = 0.19, 95% CI [0.01, 0.37]) increased, while diastolic blood pressure (β=-2.31, 95% CI [-4.55, -0.06]) and pulse wave velocity (β=-0.44, 95% CI [-0.73, -0.16]) decreased. In the TD group, only body weight increased (β = 0.85, 95% CI [0.01, 1.68]) statistically significantly. In the CP group, no changes were observed during the intervention.
Conclusions
Young people with and without CP do not exhibit significant differences in most cardiometabolic risk factors. EXECP intervention may attenuate some adverse development trajectories occurring without the intervention but greater volume and intensity of aerobic exercise may be needed to reduce cardiometabolic risk.
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BioMed CentralISSN Search the Publication Forum
2052-1847Keywords
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- Liikuntatieteiden tiedekunta [3120]
Related funder(s)
Research Council of Finland; Cerebral Palsy AllianceFunding program(s)
Research costs of Academy Research Fellow, AoF; Research profiles, AoF; Academy Research Fellow, AoF; OthersAdditional information about funding
The preparation of this manuscript was supported by the Ministry of Education and Culture (OKM/28/626/2022). The data collection of the EXECP study also was supported by the Olvi Foundation, the Research Foundation of Cerebral Palsy Alliance (PHD00321), the Finnish Cultural Foundation, Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation (602.274), and the Research Council of Finland (296240, 307250, 327288, 311877, 326988). ...License
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