Solvent effect on gel formation and properties of peptide-based gels
Tämä opinnäytetyön kirjallisuuskatsaus käsittelee erilaisten liuottimien vaikutusta orgaanisten peptidipohjaisten geelien valmistukseen, morfologiaan ja ominaisuuksiin. Tutkielmassa perehdytään erityisesti liuottimien polaarisuuden, erilaisten liuotinseosten ja liuottimen pH:n vaikutuksiin geeliytymisprosessissa. Tutkielman lopuksi käsitellään erilaisia sovelluksia, joissa organogeelejä monipuolisine ominaisuuksineen on käytetty hyödyksi lääketieteellisten sovelluksien alustoina.
Opinnäytetyön kokeellisessa osuudessa syntetisoitiin aminohappopohjainen alhaisen molekyylipainon gelaattori Boc-Leu-Phe-OtBu ja valmistettiin peptidipohjaisia geelejä käyttäen geeliytymisprosessissa liuottimina kemiallisesti aktiivisia tert-butyyliestereitä ja -eettereitä. Tutkimuksen hypoteesina oli aikaisempi tutkimus kemiallisesti aktiivisista liuottimista. Geeliytymisprosessissa muodostuneiden geelien aikasidonnaista, dynaamista reaktiotasapainon muutosta seurattiin infrapunaspektroskopialla (FT-IR), ydinmagneettisella resonanssispektroskopialla (NMR) ja pyyhkäisyelektronimikroskoopilla (SEM). Lisäksi geelien termodynaamista palautumista ja kykyä sitoa liuotinta seurattiin geeliytymislämpötilan Tgel-sol avulla ja geelien turpoamistestillä (swelling-test).
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This literature review goes through how different solvents affect the gelation process, morphology, and properties of peptide-based gels. The goal of the study was to find generalization about the effects of solvent properties, polarity, different solvent mixtures, and pH on the gelation process. By studying solvent conditions and control over self-assembly processes, new gel properties can be achieved, offering extensive prospects for developing novel peptide-based gel applications.
The focus of the thesis is mainly on low molecule weight gelators (LMWGs) and self-assembly, but a few interesting examples of polymer hydrogels and copolymerization were also included. The literature part introduces the gelation process and mechanical properties of gels, followed by a discussion of solvents used in gelation processes and ending it with a few interesting gel applications.
The experimental part aimed to form new gels with chemically active tert-butyl esters and ethers with a low molecular weight gelator, Fmoc-Leu-Phe-OtBu. The gelation process, gel morphology, and time-dependent nature were studied and reported.
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