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Phenanthrene biodegradation potential and diversity of aspen rhizosphere bacteria

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Authors
Kovakoski, Harri
Date
2020
Discipline
Ympäristötiede ja -teknologiaEnvironmental science and technology
Copyright
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.

 
Polysykliset aromaattiset hiilivedyt (PAH) ovat kaikkialle maailmaan levinnyt joukko usein karsinogeenisiä ja hitaasti hajoavia maaperän saasteita. Fytoremediaatio on maaperänpuhdistusmetodi, jossa kasveja käytetään tukemaan maaperän saasteita hajottavia mikrobeja. Tässä pro gradu-tutkielmassa tutkin maaperän pH:n ja glukoosilisän vaikutusta fenantreenin (PHE) hajoamiseen maanäytteissä, jotka oli kerätty Suomen Luonnonvarakeskuksen (LUKE) hallinnoimalta fytoremediaatio-alueelta Somerharjulta, Luumäeltä, jossa kasvoi eri haapalajeja. Kunnostettava alue on puretun kreosoottikyllästämön saastuttama ja Suomen Luonnonvarakeskus (LUKE) on aloittanut fytoremediaation vuonna 2013. Radioleimatun PHE:n hajoamista tutkittiin MicrorespTM-laitteella kaksi viikkoa kestävässä kokeessa. Maanäytteiden metagenomi sekvensointiin seuraavan sukupolven geenisekvensointimenetelmillä (NGS) näytteiden mikrobien diversiteetin selvittämiseksi. Sekä metsähaavat että hybridihaavat lisäsivät PHE hajotusta tilastollisesti merkittävästi kontrolleihin verrattuna, mutta ei toisiinsa verrattuna. pH:lla ja glukoosilla ei ollut tilastollisesti merkittävää vaikutusta hajotukseen. Mikrobien paikallinen diversiteetti oli korkeimmillaan kontrolleissa, mutta puita sisältävissä näytteissä oli enemmän näytteiden välistä variointia. Tulokset tarjoavat mahdollisuuksia avainlaji P. tremulan ja kohdennettujen bakteerilajien käyttöön puhdistuksessa. ...
 
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are ubiquitous, often carcinogenic and persistent soil pollutants that disperse over long distances. In phytoremediation plants are used to support soil microbiota capable of degrading pollutants. I studied the effects of soil pH and glucose supplement on the degradation of phenanthrene (PHE) in soil samples collected from a phytoremediation site consisting of a plantation of different aspen species. The site at Somerharju, Luumäki, was originally contaminated with PAH-compounds during creosote impregnation, and the phytoremediation experiment was started by Finnish Natural Resources Centre (LUKE) in 2013. The soil respiration of radiolabelled PHE was studied with the MicrorespTM device in a two-week incubation experiment. Microbial content of soil samples’ was sequenced using next generation sequencing (NGS) of the 16S rRNA gene to explore the differences in the microbiota diversity of the rhizosphere. Both aspen species increased PHE degradation of the rhizosphere soil samples when compared to controls, but no difference was observed between the plots planted with European aspen or hybrid aspen. Soil pH and the addition of glucose did not significantly increase degradation of PHE. Local diversity was largest in soil samples collected from plots without trees, while the plots with trees had more between-samples variation. The results suggest possibilities for the use of the key species P. tremula and targeted bacteria strains in remediation. ...
 
Keywords
16SrRNA Microresp radiomethod glukoosi maaperä haapa aromaattiset hiilivedyt hybridihaapa fytoremediaatio juuristo PAH-yhdisteet glucose soil aspen aromatic hydrocarbons hybrid aspen phytoremediation root system PAH compounds
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http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202006094051

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