The Carbon Footprint of Volunteer Tourism

Abstract

Tourism is growing at a fast rate and so is its carbon footprint. Alongside conventional tourism, a new form of tourism, so-called voluntourism, has emerged. The discussion on voluntourism in the existing literature has hereby mainly centred around its positive impacts on the health and education of communities and the local environment in developing countries. Nevertheless, little attention has been drawn to its climate impacts. This study set out to investigate the carbon footprint of voluntourism. The data were collected at a local NGO in India working with voluntourists. Both the carbon footprint of the stay in India and from the round trip by air were taken into consideration. The results showed that while the carbon footprint of voluntourists during their stay is comparable with that of locals, the flight significantly contributes to the carbon footprint of voluntourism. Depending on the distance flown and the length of the stay, the average share of the carbon footprint stemming from the flight can be between 83% and 96%. The paper concludes that faraway destinations and short stays should be avoided; otherwise voluntourism might cause more harm than good. Based on the findings this paper provides recommendations for policymakers and further research.