Divergent parasite infections in sympatric cichlid species in Lake Victoria
Karvonen, A., Wagner, C. E., Selz, O. M., & Seehausen, O. (2018). Divergent parasite infections in sympatric cichlid species in Lake Victoria. Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 31(9), 1313-1329. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.13304
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Journal of Evolutionary BiologyDate
2018Copyright
© 2018 European Society For Evolutionary Biology
Parasitism has been proposed as a factor in host speciation, as an agent affecting coexistence of host species in species‐rich communities and as a driver of post‐speciation diversification. Young adaptive radiations of closely related host species of varying ecological and genomic differentiation provide interesting opportunities to explore interactions between patterns of parasitism, divergence and coexistence of sympatric host species. Here, we explored patterns in ectoparasitism in a community of 16 fully sympatric cichlid species at Makobe Island in Lake Victoria, a model system of vertebrate adaptive radiation. We asked whether host niche, host abundance or host genetic differentiation explains variation in infection patterns. We found significant differences in infections, the magnitude of which was weakly correlated with the extent of genomic divergence between the host species, but more strongly with the main ecological gradient, water depth. These effects were most evident with infections of Cichlidogyrus monogeneans, whereas the only host species with a strictly crevice‐dwelling niche, Pundamilia pundamilia, deviated from the general negative relationship between depth and parasitism. In accordance with the Janzen–Connell hypothesis, we also found that host abundance tended to be positively associated with infections in some parasite taxa. Data on the Pundamilia sister species pairs from three other islands with variable degrees of habitat (crevice) specialization suggested that the lower parasite abundance of P. pundamilia at Makobe could result from both habitat specialization and the evolution of specific resistance. Our results support influences of host genetic differentiation and host ecology in determining infections in this diverse community of sympatric cichlid species.
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Wiley-Blackwell Publishing Ltd.ISSN Search the Publication Forum
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/28136257
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Research Council of FinlandFunding program(s)
Academy Project, AoF; Research costs of Academy Research Fellow, AoFAdditional information about funding
We thank Mhoja Kayeba and Mohamed Haluna for technical and logistic assistance during fieldwork and Erwin Ripmester and Martine E. Maan for collaboration during fieldwork. We thank the Tanzanian Commission for Science and Technology for research permission and the Tanzanian Fisheries Research Institute for facilities and logistical support. A.K. was supported by the Academy of Finland (Grant Numbers #263864, #292736 and #310632) and the European Science Foundation Exchange Grant (Grant Number #3757). C.E.W. was partially supported by NSF grant DEB‐1556963. The fieldwork was funded by SNSF grants 3100A0‐118293/1 and 31003A_144046 to O.S.![showless](/themes/JYX2//images/showless.png)
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