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dc.contributor.authorPenttinen, Reetta
dc.contributor.authorKinnula, Hanna
dc.contributor.authorLipponen, Anssi
dc.contributor.authorBamford, Jaana
dc.contributor.authorSundberg, Lotta-Riina
dc.date.accessioned2016-10-27T10:00:06Z
dc.date.available2017-05-19T21:45:07Z
dc.date.issued2016
dc.identifier.citationPenttinen, R., Kinnula, H., Lipponen, A., Bamford, J., & Sundberg, L.-R. (2016). High Nutrient Concentration Can Induce Virulence Factor Expression and Cause Higher Virulence in an Environmentally Transmitted Pathogen. <i>Microbial Ecology</i>, <i>72</i>(4), 955-964. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0781-1" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-016-0781-1</a>
dc.identifier.otherCONVID_25730868
dc.identifier.urihttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/51709
dc.description.abstractEnvironmentally transmitted opportunistic pathogens shuttle between two substantially different environments: outside-host and within-host habitats. These environments differ from each other especially with respect to nutrient availability. Consequently, the pathogens are required to regulate their behavior in response to environmental cues in order to survive, but how nutrients control the virulence in opportunistic pathogens is still poorly understood. In this study, we examined how nutrient level in the outside-host environment affects the gene expression of putative virulence factors of the opportunistic fish pathogen Flavobacterium columnare. The impact of environmental nutrient concentration on bacterial virulence was explored by cultivating the bacteria in various nutrient conditions, measuring the gene expression of putative virulence factors with RT-qPCR and, finally, experimentally challenging rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fry with these bacteria. Our results show that increased environmental nutrient concentration can increase the expression of putative virulence genes, chondroitinase (cslA) and collagenase, in the outside-host environment and may lead to more rapid fish mortality. These findings address that the environmental nutrients may act as significant triggers of virulence gene expression and therefore contribute to the interaction between an environmentally transmitted opportunistic pathogen and its host.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSpringer
dc.relation.ispartofseriesMicrobial Ecology
dc.subject.otherchondroitinase
dc.subject.othercollagenase
dc.subject.othercolony type
dc.subject.otherflavobacterium columnare
dc.subject.othernutrients
dc.subject.otherRT-qPCR
dc.subject.othervirulence factors
dc.titleHigh Nutrient Concentration Can Induce Virulence Factor Expression and Cause Higher Virulence in an Environmentally Transmitted Pathogen
dc.typeresearch article
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201610264448
dc.contributor.laitosBio- ja ympäristötieteiden laitosfi
dc.contributor.laitosDepartment of Biological and Environmental Scienceen
dc.contributor.oppiaineEkologia ja evoluutiobiologiafi
dc.contributor.oppiaineSolu- ja molekyylibiologiafi
dc.contributor.oppiaineBiologisten vuorovaikutusten huippututkimusyksikköfi
dc.contributor.oppiaineNanoscience Centerfi
dc.contributor.oppiaineEcology and Evolutionary Biologyen
dc.contributor.oppiaineCell and Molecular Biologyen
dc.contributor.oppiaineCentre of Excellence in Biological Interactions Researchen
dc.contributor.oppiaineNanoscience Centeren
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle
dc.date.updated2016-10-26T06:15:04Z
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.description.reviewstatuspeerReviewed
dc.format.pagerange955-964
dc.relation.issn0095-3628
dc.relation.numberinseries4
dc.relation.volume72
dc.type.versionacceptedVersion
dc.rights.copyright© Springer Science+Business Media New York 2016. This is a final draft version of an article whose final and definitive form has been published by Springer. Published in this repository with the kind permission of the publisher.
dc.rights.accesslevelopenAccessfi
dc.type.publicationarticle
dc.relation.doi10.1007/s00248-016-0781-1
dc.type.okmA1


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