dc.contributor.author | Hulmi, Juha | |
dc.contributor.author | Laakso, Mia | |
dc.contributor.author | Mero, Antti | |
dc.contributor.author | Häkkinen, Keijo | |
dc.contributor.author | Ahtiainen, Juha | |
dc.contributor.author | Peltonen, Heikki | |
dc.date.accessioned | 2016-01-04T06:49:27Z | |
dc.date.available | 2016-01-04T06:49:27Z | |
dc.date.issued | 2015 | |
dc.identifier.citation | Hulmi, J., Laakso, M., Mero, A., Häkkinen, K., Ahtiainen, J., & Peltonen, H. (2015). The effects of whey protein with or without carbohydrates on resistance training adaptations. <i>Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition</i>, <i>12</i>(48). <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0109-4" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1186/s12970-015-0109-4</a> | |
dc.identifier.other | CONVID_25385222 | |
dc.identifier.other | TUTKAID_68285 | |
dc.identifier.uri | https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/48217 | |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Nutrition intake in the context of a resistance training (RT) bout may affect body composition and
muscle strength. However, the individual and combined effects of whey protein and carbohydrates on long-term
resistance training adaptations are poorly understood.
Methods: A four-week preparatory RT period was conducted in previously untrained males to standardize the
training background of the subjects. Thereafter, the subjects were randomized into three groups: 30 g of whey
proteins (n = 22), isocaloric carbohydrates (maltodextrin, n = 21), or protein + carbohydrates (n = 25). Within these
groups, the subjects were further randomized into two whole-body 12-week RT regimens aiming either for muscle
hypertrophy and maximal strength or muscle strength, hypertrophy and power. The post-exercise drink was always
ingested immediately after the exercise bout, 2–3 times per week depending on the training period. Body
composition (by DXA), quadriceps femoris muscle cross-sectional area (by panoramic ultrasound), maximal strength
(by dynamic and isometric leg press) and serum lipids as basic markers of cardiovascular health, were analysed
before and after the intervention.
Results: Twelve-week RT led to increased fat-free mass, muscle size and strength independent of post-exercise
nutrient intake (P < 0.05). However, the whey protein group reduced more total and abdominal area fat when
compared to the carbohydrate group independent of the type of RT (P < 0.05). Thus, a larger relative increase (per
kg bodyweight) in fat-free mass was observed in the protein vs. carbohydrate group (P < 0.05) without significant
differences to the combined group. No systematic effects of the interventions were found for serum lipids. The RT
type did not have an effect on the adaptations in response to different supplementation paradigms.
Conclusions: Post-exercise supplementation with whey proteins when compared to carbohydrates or combination
of proteins and carbohydrates did not have a major effect on muscle size or strength when ingested two to three
times a week. However, whey proteins may increase abdominal fat loss and relative fat-free mass adaptations in
response to resistance training when compared to fast-acting carbohydrates. | |
dc.language.iso | eng | |
dc.publisher | BioMed Central Ltd.; International Society of Sports Nutrition | |
dc.relation.ispartofseries | Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition | |
dc.relation.uri | http://jissn.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12970-015-0109-4 | |
dc.subject.other | hypertrophy | |
dc.subject.other | resistance training | |
dc.subject.other | skeletal muscle | |
dc.subject.other | supplement | |
dc.title | The effects of whey protein with or without carbohydrates on resistance training adaptations | |
dc.type | article | |
dc.identifier.urn | URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201512294142 | |
dc.contributor.laitos | Liikuntabiologian laitos | fi |
dc.contributor.laitos | Department of Biology of Physical Activity | en |
dc.contributor.oppiaine | Valmennus- ja testausoppi | fi |
dc.contributor.oppiaine | Science of Sport Coaching and Fitness Testing | en |
dc.type.uri | http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle | |
dc.date.updated | 2015-12-29T13:15:17Z | |
dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 | |
dc.description.reviewstatus | peerReviewed | |
dc.format.pagerange | 0 | |
dc.relation.issn | 1550-2783 | |
dc.relation.numberinseries | 48 | |
dc.relation.volume | 12 | |
dc.type.version | publishedVersion | |
dc.rights.copyright | © 2015 Hulmi et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License. | |
dc.rights.accesslevel | openAccess | fi |
dc.subject.yso | ravinto | |
jyx.subject.uri | http://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p3671 | |
dc.rights.url | http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ | |
dc.relation.doi | 10.1186/s12970-015-0109-4 | |
dc.type.okm | A1 | |