Who turns to entrepreneurship later in life? - Push and pull in Finnish rural and urban areas
Tervo, H. (2014). Who turns to entrepreneurship later in life? - Push and pull in Finnish rural and urban areas. In Proceedings of the 54th European Congress of the Regional Science Association International, St.Petersburg, 26-29 August 2014 (Article 236). European Regional Science Association (ERSA).
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2014[Introduction] Different regions may provide varying opportunities for entrepreneurship (Reynolds et
al. 1994; Tervo 2007; Naude et al. 2008), which may also be the case at older ages. Not all
places are alike in their potential to generate third-age entrepreneurship partly because
of varying demand conditions and human capital and partly because the possibilities
for entrepreneurial learning processes differ among regions (cf. Tervo and Niittykangas
1994).
In the case of Finland, the rates of self-employment rise with age in both rural and
urban areas, with the exception that the rate starts to fall after age 65 in rural areas
(Figure 1). In this age group, the overwhelming majority of individuals are no longer in
the labour market. These higher rates occur partly because self-employed workers tend
to stay longer in the labour force than wage and salary workers. Figure 1 also indicates
that transitions to self-employment are most common during middle age. Novice
entrepreneurship at older ages is not very common; however, some individuals do start
a business later in life. The non-agricultural self-employment rate has been higher in
rural than in urban locations and among employed individuals aged 55-74. [Continues. Please see the article]
...


This is a peer-reviewed Final Draft paper presented at the 54th European Congress of the Regional Science
Association International, St. Petersburg, 26-29 August 2014, http://www.ersa.org/54th-ersa-congress/
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European Congress of the Regional Science Association InternationalIs part of publication
Proceedings of the 54th European Congress of the Regional Science Association International, St.Petersburg, 26-29 August 2014Publication in research information system
https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/23842357
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