Physical activity, sedentary behavior and microbiome : A systematic review and meta-analysis
Pérez-Prieto, I., Plaza-Florido, A., Ubago-Guisado, E., Ortega, F., & Altmäe, S. (2024). Physical activity, sedentary behavior and microbiome : A systematic review and meta-analysis. Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport, 37(11), 793-804. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsams.2024.07.003
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Journal of Science and Medicine in SportAuthors
Date
2024Copyright
© 2024 The Authors. Published by Elsevier Ltd on behalf of Sports Medicine Australia
Background
The effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on human health are well known, however, the molecular mechanisms are poorly understood. Growing evidence points to physical activity as an important modulator of the composition and function of microbial communities, while evidence of sedentary behavior is scarce. We aimed to synthesize and meta-analyze the current evidence about the effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on microbiome across different body sites and in different populations.
Methods
A systematic search in PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane databases was conducted until September 2022. Random-effects meta-analyses including cross-sectional studies (active vs. inactive/athletes vs. non-athletes) or trials reporting the chronic effect of physical activity interventions on gut microbiome alpha-diversity in healthy individuals were performed.
Results
Ninety-one studies were included in this systematic review. Our meta-analyses of 2632 participants indicated no consistent effect of physical activity on microbial alpha-diversity, although there seems to be a trend toward a higher microbial richness in athletes compared to non-athletes. Most of studies reported an increase in short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria such as Akkermansia, Faecalibacterium, Veillonella or Roseburia in active individuals and after physical activity interventions.
Conclusions
Physical activity levels were positively associated with the relative abundance of short-chain fatty acid-producing bacteria. Athletes seem to have a richer microbiome compared to non-athletes. However, high heterogeneity between studies avoids obtaining conclusive information on the role of physical activity in microbial composition. Future multi-omics studies would enhance our understanding of the molecular effects of physical activity and sedentary behavior on the microbiome.
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ElsevierISSN Search the Publication Forum
1440-2440Keywords
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/233307562
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Additional information about funding
This work was supported by the projects Endo-Map PID2021-127280OB-I00, PID2020-120249RB-100 and ROSY CNS2022-135999 funded by MICIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by FEDER, EU; Project P20_00124 funded by Junta de Andalucía; Unidad de excelencia SOMM17/6107/UGR funded by Plan Propio de Investigación/Universidad de Granada; E.U.G and I.P.P are supported by grants RYC2022-038011-I and FPU19/05561 funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and FSE “El FSE invierte en tu futuro”. A.P.F contribution was funded in part by NIH grant #: U01 TR002004 (REACH project). E.U.G is supported by the María Zambrano fellowship by the Ministerio de Universidades and the Unión Europea–NextGenerationEU. Funding for open access charge: Universidad de Granada / CBUA. ...License
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