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dc.contributor.authorPärssinen, Olavi
dc.contributor.authorKauppinen, Markku
dc.date.accessioned2022-02-08T13:05:05Z
dc.date.available2022-02-08T13:05:05Z
dc.date.issued2022
dc.identifier.citationPärssinen, O., & Kauppinen, M. (2022). Associations of near work time, watching TV, outdoors time, and parents’ myopia with myopia among school children based on 38‐year‐old historical data. <i>Acta Ophthalmologica</i>, <i>100</i>(2), e430-e438. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.14980" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1111/aos.14980</a>
dc.identifier.otherCONVID_99128166
dc.identifier.urihttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/79699
dc.description.abstractPurpose To study the prevalence and risk factors of myopia with data from a questionnaire study conducted in 1983 among Finnish school children. Methods School children (n = 4 961) from the 1st, 5th and 8th grades of school (7-, 11- and 15-year-olds) in Central Finland were screened for vision followed by a questionnaire, which was returned by 4 352 (87.7%) participants. Myopia was categorized based on the questionnaire. Items concerned daily time spent on near work and outdoor activities, excluding time spent at school, watching TV and parental myopia and the associations of myopia with these factors were studied. Results The prevalence of myopia was 3%, 15% and 27% among the 7-, 11- and 15-year-olds, and if daily near work at home was ≤1 hr, myopia prevalence was 0.5%, 3.3% and 17.6%, respectively. The adjusted risk of myopia for each daily near work hour was OR 1.476 (95% confidence interval 1.099–1.984, p = 0.010), OR 1.346 (1.170–1.584, p < 0.001) and OR 1.206 (1.076–1.352, p = 0.001), in the 3 age groups, respectively. The adjusted risk of myopia for each daily hour spent outdoors was OR 0.764 (0.648–0.900, p = 0.001) in the 11-year-olds and OR (0.840, 0.743–0.950, p = 0.005) in the 15-year-olds. Outdoors time prevented myopia at different levels of near work, although less at the highest levels, and near work increased risk of myopia with the level of outdoors time. If the ratio between near work and outdoors time was ≤0. 5 or >1.5, the prevalence of myopia was 1.4% versus 5.6%, 6.3% versus 24.7% and 15.9% versus 36.9%, among the 7-, 11- and 15-year-olds, respectively. The higher prevalence of myopia among the 11- and 15-year-old girls than boys was explained by more near work and less outdoor time among the girls. Having two myopic parents roughly doubled the risk of myopia compared to if one myopic parent in the 11- and 15-year-olds. Conclusions Myopic parents, greater near work time, less outdoors time, a higher near work/outdoors ratio, and being a girl increased the risk of myopia. Myopia was rare in the 7- and 11-year-olds if daily near work at home did not exceed one hour or if the near work/outdoors ratio was not higher than 0.5. Outdoors time was associated with the prevalence of myopia at all levels of near work, although the association was weaker at the highest level.en
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherWiley
dc.relation.ispartofseriesActa Ophthalmologica
dc.rightsCC BY 4.0
dc.titleAssociations of near work time, watching TV, outdoors time, and parents’ myopia with myopia among school children based on 38‐year‐old historical data
dc.typearticle
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:jyu-202202081451
dc.contributor.laitosLiikuntatieteellinen tiedekuntafi
dc.contributor.laitosFaculty of Sport and Health Sciencesen
dc.contributor.oppiaineGerontologian tutkimuskeskusfi
dc.contributor.oppiaineHyvinvoinnin tutkimuksen yhteisöfi
dc.contributor.oppiaineGerontology Research Centeren
dc.contributor.oppiaineSchool of Wellbeingen
dc.type.urihttp://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle
dc.type.coarhttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1
dc.description.reviewstatuspeerReviewed
dc.format.pagerangee430-e438
dc.relation.issn1755-375X
dc.relation.numberinseries2
dc.relation.volume100
dc.type.versionpublishedVersion
dc.rights.copyright© 2022 the Authors
dc.rights.accesslevelopenAccessfi
dc.subject.ysoriskitekijät
dc.subject.ysonuoret
dc.subject.ysolikinäköisyys
dc.subject.ysoesiintyvyys
dc.subject.ysoulkoilu
dc.format.contentfulltext
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p13277
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p11617
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p5995
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p21428
jyx.subject.urihttp://www.yso.fi/onto/yso/p2771
dc.rights.urlhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
dc.relation.doi10.1111/aos.14980
jyx.fundinginformationThe study was supported by Silmäsäätiö Foundation and Evald ja Hilda Nissi Foundation.
dc.type.okmA1


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