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dc.contributor.advisorCronin, Neil
dc.contributor.advisorAvela, Janne
dc.contributor.authorRomppanen, Vesa
dc.date.accessioned2021-09-30T05:19:32Z
dc.date.available2021-09-30T05:19:32Z
dc.date.issued2021
dc.identifier.urihttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/77969
dc.description.abstractThe purpose of this study was to evaluate kinematic analysis repeatability by deep learning approach in countermovement jump. Seventy athletes (39 women, 31 men) performed two maximal countermovement jumps in either one session or two separate sessions (jumps separated by two-weeks). The jumps were filmed from lateral and frontal point of view. Video data from 50 athletes were selected randomly to be used for training the deep learning model with DeepLabCut. A total of 10 images were used from every athlete from this training set, meaning that a total of 500 images were used to create the model for frontal view and side view (sagittal) videos. The performance of this model was then evaluated by applying it on 11 withinday measurements and 9 between-day measurements again for both frontal and sagittal videos. For frontal view videos, the marker locations were labelled for both sides of the body to shoulder (acromion), hip joint (greater trochanter), knee joint (mid-point of patella) ankle joint (mid-point between malleoli) and toes (head of shoe). The marker locations of shoulder (acromion), hip joint (greater trochanter), knee joint (lateral femoral condyle), ankle joint (lateral malleolus) and toes (head of shoe) were manually labelled for sagittal test images. For the sagittal videos, hip, knee and ankle joint angles were calculated by using atan2 function in Matlab, and for the frontal view videos, the same was done for the knee and ankle angles. To compensate for misplaced or missing markers, raw data was filtered with a median filter and subsequently with Butterworth 4th order low-pass filter. After filtering, data was further processed with Matlab by first aligning the curve data of consecutive (trial 1 and trial 2) jumps. Then data was cropped according to the movement of knee joint from sagittal plane: start of cropping was selected as the point where there was a 5-degree joint angle change from the initial standing position, and the end point was selected as the same calculated value after landing the countermovement jump. Test-retest values were calculated with intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) for subjects in the evaluation set. The ICC model used for testretest was single measurement two-way mixed effects with absolute agreement. High mean ICC values were observed for sagittal within-day joint angles (0.95 ± 0.04 for hip joint, 0.96 ± 0.03 for knee joint and 0.95 ± 0.05 for ankle joint). Similar values were found for mean betweenday measurements (0.95 ± 0.03 for hip joint, 0.95 ± 0.07 for knee joint and 0.89 ± 0.08 for ankle joint). On the contrary, correlations of joint angle values for frontal plane varied substantially more: For within-day measurements, mean ICC values revealed poor test-retest reliability for right knee angle (ICC = 0.43 ± 0.31), and moderate test-retest reliability for left knee (ICC = 0.68 ± 0.23), right ankle (ICC = 0.62 ± 0.22) and left ankle (ICC = 0.53 ± 0.29) angles. Mean between-day ICC values demonstrated good (ICC = 0.75 ± 0.10) test-retest reliability for right knee angle, moderate test-retest reliability for left ankle angle (0.53 ± 0.17), and poor test-retest reliability for left knee (ICC = 0.49 ± 0.27) and right ankle (ICC = 0.34 ± 0.26) angles. These results imply that deep learning approach provides very repeatable measurements for sagittal joint angles in countermovement jump, but not as such for frontal plane kinematics. Hence deep learning approach provides an affordable and easy-to-access method to perform repeated measurements for 2-D motion analysis of countermovement jump and possibly other sports movements filmed from sagittal plane. Further studies on repeatability and the validation of deep learning-based systems are required to prove their accuracy and to provide reliable data for practitioners.en
dc.format.extent45
dc.format.mimetypeapplication/pdf
dc.language.isoen
dc.subject.othermarkerless
dc.subject.othercountermovement jump
dc.subject.otherdeeplabcut
dc.titleBetween- and within-day repeatability of markerless 2D motion analysis using deep neural networks
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:jyu-202109305033
dc.type.ontasotPro gradu -tutkielmafi
dc.type.ontasotMaster’s thesisen
dc.contributor.tiedekuntaLiikuntatieteellinen tiedekuntafi
dc.contributor.tiedekuntaFaculty of Sport and Health Sciencesen
dc.contributor.laitosLiikunta- ja terveystieteetfi
dc.contributor.laitosSport and Health Sciencesen
dc.contributor.yliopistoJyväskylän yliopistofi
dc.contributor.yliopistoUniversity of Jyväskyläen
dc.contributor.oppiaineBiomekaniikkafi
dc.contributor.oppiaineBiomechanicsen
dc.rights.copyrightJulkaisu on tekijänoikeussäännösten alainen. Teosta voi lukea ja tulostaa henkilökohtaista käyttöä varten. Käyttö kaupallisiin tarkoituksiin on kielletty.fi
dc.rights.copyrightThis publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.en
dc.type.publicationmasterThesis
dc.contributor.oppiainekoodi5012
dc.subject.ysotoistettavuus
dc.subject.ysosyväoppiminen
dc.subject.ysokoneoppiminen
dc.subject.ysobiomekaniikka
dc.subject.ysonivelet
dc.subject.ysoliikeanalyysi
dc.subject.ysohyppääminen
dc.subject.ysoliikeoppi
dc.subject.ysoalgoritmit
dc.subject.ysorepeatability
dc.subject.ysodeep learning
dc.subject.ysomachine learning
dc.subject.ysobiomechanics
dc.subject.ysojoints (musculoskeletal system)
dc.subject.ysomotion analysis
dc.subject.ysojumping
dc.subject.ysokinematics
dc.subject.ysoalgorithms
dc.format.contentfulltext
dc.type.okmG2


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