Energy availability during training camp is associated with signs of overreaching and changes in performance in young female cross-country skiers
Kettunen, O., Ihalainen, J. K., Ohtonen, O., Valtonen, M., Mursu, J., & Linnamo, V. (2021). Energy availability during training camp is associated with signs of overreaching and changes in performance in young female cross-country skiers. Biomedical Human Kinetics, 13(1), 246-254. https://doi.org/10.2478/bhk-2021-0030
Julkaistu sarjassa
Biomedical Human KineticsTekijät
Päivämäärä
2021Tekijänoikeudet
© 2021 Oona Kettunen et al., published by Sciendo
Study aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate if young female skiers meet their energy and macronutrient requirements, and how energy availability (EA) and macronutrient intake affects their performance during an intensive training camp. Material and methods: 19 female cross-country skiers (age 16.7 ± 0.7) filled in 48-hour food and training logs during a 5-day training camp. Fasting concentrations of hemoglobin, leptin, triiodothyronine (T3), insulin, insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1), and glucose were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) the camp. Blood lactate (LA), heart rate (HR) and rating of per-ceived exertion (RPE) from a submaximal treadmill running test, jump height from counter movement jump (CMJ), and power from a reactive jump test (RJ) were also measured PRE and POST. Results: Mean EA was 40.3 ± 17.3 kcal · kgFFM–1 · d–1. 58% of the participants had suboptimal EA, 37% had low EA, and 53% had suboptimal carbohydrate intake. HR, HR/RPE ratio, LA/RPE ratio, CMJ, hemoglobin, leptin, T3, and insulin de-creased from PRE to POST. RPE and glucose increased from PRE to POST. EA during the camp correlated with changes in LA (r = 0.54, p = 0.018), LA/RPE (r = 0.65, p = 0.003), and RJ (r = 0.47, p = 0.043). Conclusions: Many athletes had difficulties in meeting their energy and carbohydrate requirements during a training camp. Furthermore, sufficient EA may help to avoid overreaching and to maintain performance during an intensive training period.
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Julkaisija
SciendoISSN Hae Julkaisufoorumista
2080-2234Asiasanat
Julkaisu tutkimustietojärjestelmässä
https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/101191981
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Carbohydrate intake in young female cross-country skiers is lower than recommended and affects competition performance
Kettunen, Oona; Mikkonen, Ritva; Mursu, Jaakko; Linnamo, Vesa; Ihalainen, Johanna K. (Frontiers Media SA, 2023)Purpose: (1) To evaluate if energy availability (EA), macronutrient intake and body composition change over four training periods in young, highly trained, female cross-country skiers, and (2) to clarify if EA, macronutrient ... -
Nutrition Knowledge Is Associated with Energy Availability and Carbohydrate Intake in Young Female Cross-Country Skiers
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