Environmental factors influencing effects of chemicals on soil animals : studies at population and community levels
Authors
Date
1998Effects of abiotic environmental factors like soil organic matter content, soil moisture and temperature on the toxicity of chemicals to soil animals were studied in laboratory experiments. An insecticide, dimethoate, and two fungicides, benomyl and propiconazole, were used as reference chemicals in the experiments. Two types of experiments were conducted: single species tests and microcosm experiments. Single species experiments revealed that soil organic matter content affects substantially the toxicity of dimethoate to collembolans. Increasing organic matter content decreased dimethoate concentration in the soil pore water, and hence its toxicity. Lowering the temperature increased the toxic effects, but only slightly. Population level effects lasted longer at low temperature due to slower reproduction of collembolans. Decreasing the soil moisture either decreased (dimethoate) or increased (benomyl) the toxic effects on an enchytraeid worm. In the microcosm experiments pesticide application and drought decreased different soil animal groups resulting in lower total soil animal numbers than exposured to either of these stressors alone. Both fungicides had only minor effects on soil animal communities and soil processes, possibly due to relative low significance of fungal based energy channel in agricultural soil. It was revealed that both single species tests and microcosm experiments are needed when assessing ecotoxicological effects of chemicals in the environment.
...
ISBN
978-951-39-8599-8ISSN Search the Publication Forum
0356-1062Contains publications
- Artikkeli I: Martikainen, E. (1996). Toxicity of dimethoate to some soil animal species in different soil types. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 33, 128-136. DOI: 10.1006/eesa.1996.0016
- Artikkeli II: Puurtinen, M. & Martikainen, E. (1997). Effect of soil moisture on pesticide toxicity to an enchytraeid worm Enchytraeus sp. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 33, 34-41. DOI: 10.1007/s002449900220
- Artikkeli III: Martikainen, E., & Krogh, P. H. (1999). Effects of soil organic matter content and temperature on toxicity of dimethoate to Folsomia fimetaria (Collembola:Isotomiidae). Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry, 18(5), 865-872. DOI: 10.1002/etc.5620180508
- Artikkeli IV: Martikainen, E., & Rantalainen, M.-L. (1999). Temperature-Time Relationship in Collembolan Response to Chemical exposure. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 42(x), 236-244. DOI: 10.1006/eesa.1998.1754
Keywords
Metadata
Show full item recordCollections
- Väitöskirjat [3586]
License
Related items
Showing items with similar title or keywords.
-
Factors behind Leisure-Time Physical Activity Behavior Based on Finnish Twin Studies: The Role of Genetic and Environmental Influences and the Role of Motives
Aaltonen, Sari; Kujala, Urho; Kaprio, Jaakko (Hindawi Publishing Corporation, 2014)Different approaches are being taken to clarify the role of various factors in the development of physical activity behaviors. Genetic studies are a new area of physical activity research and also the motives for physical ... -
Effects of harmful chemicals on soil animal communities and decomposition
Salminen, Janne (1996)Effects of harmful chemicals on soil decomposer commumt1es, decomposition processes and soil fertility were studied in laboratory microcosms containing coniferous forest soil. Pentachlorophenol (PCP) and triazine herbicide ... -
Mobility Modification Alleviates Environmental Influence on Incident Mobility Difficulty among Community-Dwelling Older People: A Two-Year Follow-Up Study
Rantakokko, Merja; Portegijs, Erja; Viljanen, Anne; Iwarsson, Susanne; Rantanen, Taina (Public Library of Science, 2016)Background Environmental barriers increase risk for mobility difficulties in old age. Mobility difficulty is preceded by a phase where people try to postpone a difficulty through mobility modification. We studied whether ... -
A critical analysis of the factors influencing peaceful coexistence between Rohingya refugees and host communities in Cox’s Bazar, Bangladesh
Khan, Abdul Kadir (Frontiers Media, 2024)Introduction: Bangladesh currently hosts over a million Rohingya refugees in 33 fetid, dire, and confined camps, with the majority arriving after the 2017 military crackdown in Myanmar’s Rakhine state. Although Rohingya ... -
视觉工作记忆中回溯线索效应的影响因素 [The Influencing Factors of Retro-Cue Effect in Visual Working Memory]
Cheng, Yuxin; Guo, Lijing; Zhou, Zifang; Liu, Ruyi; Li, Qian; Ye, Chaoxiong (Hans Publishers, 2022)The visual working memory is a temporary storage system, which encodes, maintains and retrieves visual information. The researchers have found that adding retro-cues to the maintenance phase of memory leads to changes in ...