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Deciphering the antiviral mechanism of endophyte extract against coxsackieviruses B3 and A9

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Authors
Kivistö, Eetu
Date
2019
Discipline
Solu- ja molekyylibiologiaCell and molecular biology
Copyright
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.

 
Enterovirukset voivat aiheuttaa nuhamaisten oireiden lisäksi vakavia, jopa kroonisia, sairauksia. Enteroviruksia vastaan ei ole saatavilla rokotteita, poliovirusta lukuun ottamatta. Antiviraalisia lääkkeitä on kehitettävä virustartuntojen hoitoa varten. Endofyyttiuutteet ovat mahdollinen tutkimuskohde, joista viruksia vastaan tehoavia aineita voisi löytää. Tässä tutkimuksessa tutkimme endofyyttiuutteita, jotka olivat aiemmin osoittautuneet tehokkaiksi coxsackieviruksia B3 ja A9 vastaan. Radioaktiivisia, 35S –merkittyjä viruksia luotiin koetta varten, jossa tutkimme uutteiden vaikutusta virusten kykyyn sitoutua solun pinnalle. Uutteilla ei havaittu olevan tilastollisesti merkittävää sitoutumista häiritsevää vaikutusta, mutta joissain tapauksissa ne lisäsivät sitoutumista. Sytotoksisuuskokeilla määriteltiin uutteiden vaikutus solujen elinkykyyn. Uutteet eivät osoittautuneet sytotoksisiksi. Soluja altistettiin uutteille ennen infektiota, jotta mahdolliset uutteiden vaikutukset solujen sisäisiin mekanismeihin selviäisivät. Tuloksien perusteella uutteilla ei ollut vaikutusta tällä tavalla. Vaikuttaa siis siltä, että tutkitut endofyyttiuutteet vaikuttavat suoraan viruspartikkeleihin ja täten estävät infektiota. Jatkotutkimukset uutteiden sisällöistä ovat suositeltuja ja ne voisivat tarjota lisätietoa niiden antiviraalisista mekanismeista. ...
 
Enteroviruses can cause acute and chronic infections. The only available vaccine is against poliovirus and vaccines cannot help if the infection is already present. As such, antivirals are needed to fight enterovirus infections. A potential source for novel antiviral compounds are endophyte extracts. In this experiment, we studied extracts from fungal endophytes that had previously shown antiviral activity against coxsackieviruses B3 and A9. The aim was to determine the antiviral target of the extracts. Radioactive viruses were created using 35S-labeled amino acids to be used in a binding assay. The binding assay showed that the extracts do not inhibit the binding of the virus on the cell surface and might even increase it in some cases. An ATP-assay was performed to determine the cytotoxicity of the extracts and all were found to be non-cytotoxic. Finally, a pretreatment experiment where cells were incubated with extract before infection was used to determine if host cell factors are affected to produce the antiviral effect. No such results were found and thus it is most likely that the extracts have an immediate effect on the virus capsid itself. Follow-up research on the currently unknown composition of the extracts will shed more light on this subject. ...
 
Keywords
Endophytes extract antivirals virukset virustaudit virologia viruses virus diseases virology
URI

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201910144422

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