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Original data for article: Weak warning signals can persist in the absence of gene flow

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Lawrence, J. P.‡, Rojas, B.‡, Fouquet, A., Mappes, J., Blanchette , A., Saporito, R., Bosque, R. J., Courtois, E., & Noonan, B. P. 2019. (‡Equal contribution): Original data for article: Weak warning signals can persist in the absence of gene flow - JYX, University of Jyväskylä
Published in
PNAS
Authors
Lawrence, Justin P. |
Rojas, Bibiana |
Fouquet, Antoine |
Mappes, Johanna |
Blanchette, Annelise |
Saporito, Ralph |
Bosque, Renan J. |
Courtois, Elodie |
Noonan, Brice P.
Date
2019
Copyright
© Justin P. Lawrence, Bibiana Rojas, Antoine Fouquet, Johanna Mappes, Annelise Blanchette, Ralph Saporito, R.J. Bosque, Elodie Courtois, Brice P. Noonan and University of Jyväskylä and University of Mississippi

 
Aposematic organisms couple conspicuous warning signals with a secondary defense to deter predators from attacking. Novel signals of aposematic prey are expected to be selected against due to positive frequency-dependent selection. How, then, can novel phenotypes persist after they arise, and why do so many aposematic species exhibit intrapopulation signal variability? Using a polytypic poison frog (Dendrobates tinctorius), we explored the forces of selection on variable aposematic signals using two phenotypically distinct (white, yellow) populations. Contrary to expectations, local phenotype was not always better protected compared to novel phenotypes in either population; in the white population, the novel phenotype evoked greater avoidance in natural predators. Despite having a lower quantity of alkaloids, the skin extracts from yellow frogs provoked higher aversive reactions by birds than white frogs in the laboratory, though both populations differed from controls. Likewise, predators learned to avoid the yellow signal faster than the white signal, and generalized their learned avoidance of yellow but not white. We propose that signals that are easily learned and broadly generalized can protect rare, novel signals, and weak warning signals (i.e., signals with poor efficacy and/or poor defense) can persist when gene flow among populations, as in this case, is limited. This provides a mechanism for the persistence of intrapopulation aposematic variation, a likely precursor to polytypism and driver of speciation. ...
Publisher
University of Jyväskylä, Open Science Centre. jyx@jyu.fi
Keywords
gene flow aposematism evolutionary biology

Please see also
https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1901872116

DOI
https://doi.org/10.17011/jyx/dataset/65263
URI

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201908213864

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