Modelling winter conditions of streets and pavements in a changing climate
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2019Copyright
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Ilmatieteen laitoksen tiesäämalli RoadSurfia, säämalli HARMONIE-AROME:a, ilman ja alustan vuorovaikutuksia kuvaavaa malliyhdistelmä SURFEX:ia ja kaupungin energiatasemalli TEB:iä käytettiin mallintamaan tulevaisuuden ilmaston tiesääolosuhteita Helsingissä ja pääkaupunkiseudulla. Käytetyn hilaruudukon tarkkuus oli SURFEX/TEB-mallilla 500 m ja 2,5 km HARMONIE-AROME-sääajoissa. Tiesää- ja jalankulkuolosuhteita tutkittiin erikseen RoadSurfin eri asetuksilla. Mallinnetut
ilmaston muutokset perustuvat RCP8.5-kehityskaareen ja ilmastonmuutosmalleihin. Aikahorisontiksi valittiin 2040–2069. Tämä tutkimus on osa kahta EU-projektia, URCLIM:ia ja iSCAPE:a.
Mallien ennustamat sääolosuhteiden muutokset ovat merkittävimpiä ilman lämpötilassa. Mallinnetut tulokset osoittavat, että sekä vaikeat tieolosuhteet että liukkaat jalankulkuolosuhteet vähenevät merkittävästi. Sekä tiesää- että jalankulkuolosuhteissa näkyy selviä, mutta ei niin merkittäviä, riippuvuuksia kaupungin rakennustyypistä. FMI’s road weather model RoadSurf, weather model HARMONIE-AROME and surface modelling platform SURFEX with Town Energy Balance model TEB were used to model weather and especially road and pedestrian weather conditions in a changing climate in the Helsinki capital region. The grid resolution was 500 m for SURFEX/TEB and 2.5 km for HARMONIE-AROME. The simulated effects of climate change were based on the Representative Concentration Pathway RCP8.5 and several climate change models. The modelled time horizon was 2040–2069. The study is part of two EU-projects, URCLIM and iSCAPE.
The climatological changes are most significant in air temperature forcing. The model results show that the number of difficult road and pedestrian conditions decrease significantly. Both road and pedestrian conditions depend clearly on the urban morphology, but these dependencies are not very strong.
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