Exercise and inflammation with special reference to resistance training
Julkaistu sarjassa
Studies in sport, physical education and healthTekijät
Päivämäärä
2018Oppiaine
LiikuntafysiologiaThe aim of the present dissertation was to examine the acute and chronic effects
of resistance exercise on inflammation markers in young men. In addition, the
effect of combined resistance and endurance training on inflammation was
assessed. The present dissertation consisted of four studies. Acute inflammation
response was evaluated using cross-sectional design after hypertrophic and
maximal (n=12) resistance exercise bouts (I). In addition, acute inflammation
was examined before and after resistance training (RT) consisting either
hypertrophic or maximal explosive (n=8) resistance exercise bouts (RE) (II). The
effect of RT on basal levels of markers of systemic inflammation was evaluated
after an initial phase RT after which the participants were randomly assigned to
hypertrophy-strength training (n=37) or to hypertrophy-strength-power
training (n=31) (III). Additionally, the effect of combined training (resistance
and endurance) was evaluated after 24 weeks of training (n=48) (IV).
Hypertrophic RE led to greater acute responses in inflammation markers
compared to maximal strength RE (I). An enhanced MCP-1 response was
observed during the recovery phase after RT in hypertrophic resistance exercise
along with acute enhanced IL-1ra and reduced IL-1ǃ response. Thus, high-intensity RT modifies the RE-induced cytokine responses. Both training studies
(III, IV) led to significantly improved lean mass and maximal strength as well as
reduced abdominal fat mass. In the RT study (III), the initial four week phase of
RT lead to increased circulating resistin, MCP-1, and IL-1ra concentrations, and
decreased circulating leptin concentration. After the specialized RT periods,
hypertrophy-strength RT elicited normalizing effects on inflammation markers,
such as circulating resistin and leptin, whereas hypertrophy-strength-power
did not have an effect on these markers. Combined training (IV) reduces
concentrations of C-reactive protein, leptin, and resistin, and when performed
on alternating days elicited the largest reductions in abdominal fat mass as well
as circulating levels of TNF-ǂ and MCP-1. The findings of the present
dissertation suggest that the beneficial effects of resistance training could be
due to the repeated effect of one bout of resistance exercise on inflammation
markers as well as the favorable changes in body composition following RT
...
Julkaisija
University of JyväskyläISBN
978-951-39-7320-9ISSN Hae Julkaisufoorumista
0356-1070Julkaisuun sisältyy osajulkaisuja
- Artikkeli I: Ihalainen, J., Walker, S., Paulsen, G., Häkkinen, K., Kraemer, W.J., Hämäläinen, M.,Vuolteenaho K., Moilanen E. & Mero, A.A. 2014. Acute leukocyte, cytokine and adipocytokine responses to maximal and hypertrophic resistance exercise bouts. European Journal of Applied Physiology, 114(12), 2607-2616. DOI: 10.1007/s00421-014-2979-6.
- Artikkeli II: Ihalainen, J. K., Ahtiainen, J. P., Walker, S., Paulsen, G., Selänne, H., Hämäläinen, M., Moilanen E., Peltonen H. & Mero, A.A. 2017. Resistance training status modifies inflammatory response to explosive and hypertrophic resistance exercise bouts. Journal of Physiology and Biochemistry, 73(4), 595-604. DOI: 10.1007/s13105-017-0590-0.
- Artikkeli III: Ihalainen, J. K., Peltonen H., Paulsen, G., Ahtiainen, J. P., Taipale R. S., Hämäläinen, M., Moilanen E. & Mero, A. A. 2017. Inflammation status of healthy young men: initial and specific responses to resistance training. Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism. Manuscript DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2017-0315.
- Artikkeli IV: Ihalainen, J. K., Schumann, M., Eklund, D., Hämäläinen, M., Moilanen, E., Paulsen, G., Häkkinen, K. & Mero, A. A. 2017. Combined aerobic and resistance training decreases inflammation markers in healthy men. Scandinavian Journal of Medicine & Science in Sports. DOI: 10.1111/sms.12906.
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