Different-day and same-session combined strength and endurance training : adaptations in neuromuscular and cardiorespiratory performance, body composition, metabolic health and wellbeing in men and women
Published in
Studies in sport, physical education and healthAuthors
Date
2017Discipline
Valmennus- ja testausoppiThis thesis investigated 1) acute neuromuscular and hormonal responses to combined
strength and endurance loadings with different orders and their long-term adaptations
(women), 2) adaptations in neuromuscular, hormonal, cardiorespiratory and health
variables following 24 weeks of volume-equated protocols of combined training (men
and women). Subjects were assigned to one of three groups: strength and endurance
training on different days (DD: men n=21, women n=18), training in the same-session
with either endurance before strength (ES: men n=16, women n=15) or vice versa (SE:
men n=18, women n=14). DD trained 4-6 d·wk-1 with strength and endurance on
alternating days. ES and SE trained 2-3 d·wk-1 of [1E+1S] or [1S+1E] with strength and
endurance in immediate succession. Training consisted of endurance cycling and
hypertrophic and maximal strength training. Both ES and SE led to significant acute
neuromuscular fatigue. Post-exercise growth hormone concentrations were
significantly larger in SE than ES before and after the intervention. All three groups
improvedd strength and endurance performance. The increase in maximal oxygen
uptake was significantly larger in DD than in ES and SE in both genders. DD and SE
increased voluntary muscle activation while ES did not. The individual changes in
voluntary activation and maximal knee extension force were correlated in ES during
weeks 13-24. Lean mass and vastus lateralis (VL) cross-sectional area increased
similarly in all groups. Decreased fat mass was observed only following DD-training.
Changes in blood lipids and abdominal fat were correlated in DD and the entire subject
sample. Self-esteem and wellbeing improved and time-management behavior
deteriorated in DD, but remained unchanged in the same-session groups. The results
suggest that increased physical performance and muscle hypertrophy can be achieved
with any of the training modes in previously untrained adults. Individuals adhering to
ES training may be susceptible to neural interference, although it is unclear if strength
development is affected. DD training simultaneously optimizes body composition and
physical performance. DD-training does not result in a feeling of excessive general
fatigue despite requiring more individual weekly training sessions than ES and SE.
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Publisher
University of JyväskyläISBN
978-951-39-7071-0ISSN Search the Publication Forum
0356-1070Keywords
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