Color Signals in the Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix): Signal Properties and Their Condition Dependency
Siitari, H., Alatalo, R. V., Halme, P., Buchanan, K., & Kilpimaa, J. (2007). Color Signals in the Black Grouse (Tetrao tetrix): Signal Properties and Their Condition Dependency. American Naturalist, 169, S81-S92. doi:10.1086/510140
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American NaturalistDate
2007Discipline
Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologiaRecent progress in techniques of quantifying betweenindividual
differences of color-based ornaments has revealed undiscovered
possibilities for research in sexual selection. We present how
the color spectra data can be comprehensively used for studying the
importance of sexual ornaments in the black grouse and how these
ornaments are related to a male condition. For this, we used both
correlative field and experimental data. Field data indicated that older
males had more chromatic coloration than yearlings. Blue chroma
of males was correlated with male mating success. We experimentally
manipulated yearling birds with testosterone implants and found that
testosterone-implanted males had impaired expression of several sexual
ornaments: 10 months after the implantation, both structuralbased
blue and carotenoid-based red eye comb coloration were diminished,
as well as lyre (tail) length. However, the manipulation
did not affect vital traits under natural selection (wing length or body
mass). Our data indicate that structural color is an important trait
in sexual selection in this lekking species. Importantly, the data also
indicate that male sexual ornaments are more susceptible to environmental
conditions than the other male traits, thus showing their
heightened condition dependency compared with the other traits
mediating the honesty of signaling.
...


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