Greater Strength Gains after Training with Accentuated Eccentric than Traditional Isoinertial Loads in Already Strength-Trained Men
Walker, S., Blazevich, A. J., Haff, G. G., Tufano, J. J., Newton, R. U., & Häkkinen, K. (2016). Greater Strength Gains after Training with Accentuated Eccentric than Traditional Isoinertial Loads in Already Strength-Trained Men. Frontiers in Physiology, 7(April), Article 149. https://doi.org/10.3389/fphys.2016.00149
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Frontiers in PhysiologyAuthors
Date
2016Copyright
© 2016 Walker, Blazevich, Haff, Tufano, Newton and Häkkinen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
As training experience increases it becomes more challenging to induce further
neuromuscular adaptation. Consequently, strength trainers seek alternative training
methods in order to further increase strength and muscle mass. One method is to utilize
accentuated eccentric loading, which applies a greater external load during the eccentric
phase of the lift as compared to the concentric phase. Based upon this practice,
the purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 10 weeks of accentuated
eccentric loading vs. traditional isoinertial resistance training in strength-trained men.
Young (22 ± 3 years, 177 ± 6 cm, 76 ± 10 kg, n = 28) strength-trained men (2.6 ± 2.2
years experience) were allocated to concentric-eccentric resistance training in the form
of accentuated eccentric load (eccentric load = concentric load + 40%) or traditional
resistance training, while the control group continued their normal unsupervised training
program. Both intervention groups performed three sets of 6-RM (session 1) and three
sets of 10-RM (session 2) bilateral leg press and unilateral knee extension exercises
per week. Maximum force production was measured by unilateral isometric (110◦ knee
angle) and isokinetic (concentric and eccentric 30◦.
s
−1
) knee extension tests, and work
capacity was measured by a knee extension repetition-to-failure test. Muscle mass
was assessed using panoramic ultrasonography and dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.
Surface electromyogram amplitude normalized to maximum M-wave and the twitch
interpolation technique were used to examine maximal muscle activation. After training,
maximum isometric torque increased significantly more in the accentuated eccentric
load group than control (18 ± 10 vs. 1 ± 5%, p < 0.01), which was accompanied
by an increase in voluntary activation (3.5 ± 5%, p < 0.05). Isokinetic eccentric torque
increased significantly after accentuated eccentric load training only (10 ± 9%, p < 0.05),
whereas concentric torque increased equally in both the accentuated eccentric load (10
± 9%, p < 0.01) and traditional (9 ± 6%, p < 0.01) resistance training groups; however,
the increase in the accentuated eccentric load group was significantly greater (p < 0.05)
than control (1 ± 7%). Knee extension repetition-to-failure improved in the accentuated
eccentric load group only (28%, p < 0.05). Similar increases in muscle mass occurred in both intervention groups. In summary, accentuated eccentric load training led to greater
increases in maximum force production, work capacity and muscle activation, but not
muscle hypertrophy, in strength-trained individuals.
...
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © 2016 Walker, Blazevich, Haff, Tufano, Newton and Häkkinen. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY).
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