| dc.contributor.author | Böckerman, Petri | |
| dc.contributor.author | Bryson, Alex | |
| dc.contributor.author | Viinikainen, Jutta | |
| dc.contributor.author | Viikari, Jorma | |
| dc.contributor.author | Lehtimäki, Terho | |
| dc.contributor.author | Vuori, Erkki | |
| dc.contributor.author | Keltikangas-Järvinen, Liisa | |
| dc.contributor.author | Raitakari, Olli | |
| dc.contributor.author | Pehkonen, Jaakko | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2016-01-13T07:32:38Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2016-12-24T22:45:05Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2016 | |
| dc.identifier.citation | Böckerman, P., Bryson, A., Viinikainen, J., Viikari, J., Lehtimäki, T., Vuori, E., Keltikangas-Järvinen, L., Raitakari, O., & Pehkonen, J. (2016). The serum copper/zinc ratio in childhood and educational attainment : a population-based study. <i>Journal of Public Health</i>, <i>38</i>(4), 696-703. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv187" target="_blank">https://doi.org/10.1093/pubmed/fdv187</a> | |
| dc.identifier.other | CONVID_25435989 | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/48334 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background Micronutrients are potentially important determinants of adult outcomes such as educational attainment. Copper and zinc have known effects on several medical conditions and cognitive development. Elevated copper and depressed zinc is a common trace metal imbalance.
Methods We estimate the correlation between the copper/zinc ratio (Cu/Zn) in childhood (year 1980) and educational attainment in adulthood (year 2010). We use the Young Finns Study (YFS) combined with the Finnish Linked Employer-Employee Data (FLEED). The regression models account for confounders such as other biomarkers and parental observables.
Results We report a sizeable, negative correlation between Cu/Zn and educational attainment as measured by education in years, grades as well as the likelihood of completing university education. For example, a one standard deviation increase in Cu/Zn decreases the probability of university education by ∼4%.
Conclusions The findings are consistent with a Cu/Zn effect influencing cognitive functioning early in life. Future research should explore more deeply the precise mechanisms by which Cu/Zn affects educational attainment. | |
| dc.language.iso | eng | |
| dc.publisher | Oxford University Press; Faculty of Public Health | |
| dc.relation.ispartofseries | Journal of Public Health | |
| dc.subject.other | copper-zinc ratio | |
| dc.subject.other | educational attainment | |
| dc.subject.other | grade point average score | |
| dc.title | The serum copper/zinc ratio in childhood and educational attainment : a population-based study | |
| dc.type | research article | |
| dc.identifier.urn | URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201601121091 | |
| dc.contributor.laitos | Kauppakorkeakoulu | fi |
| dc.contributor.laitos | School of Business and Economics | en |
| dc.contributor.oppiaine | Basic or discovery scholarship | fi |
| dc.contributor.oppiaine | Taloustiede | fi |
| dc.contributor.oppiaine | Basic or discovery scholarship | en |
| dc.contributor.oppiaine | Economics | en |
| dc.type.uri | http://purl.org/eprint/type/JournalArticle | |
| dc.date.updated | 2016-01-12T10:15:02Z | |
| dc.type.coar | http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 | |
| dc.description.reviewstatus | peerReviewed | |
| dc.format.pagerange | 696-703 | |
| dc.relation.issn | 1741-3842 | |
| dc.relation.numberinseries | 4 | |
| dc.relation.volume | 38 | |
| dc.type.version | acceptedVersion | |
| dc.rights.copyright | © The Authors 2015. This is a final draft version of an article whose final and definitive form has been published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Faculty of Public Health. Published in this repository with the kind permission of the publisher. | |
| dc.rights.accesslevel | openAccess | fi |
| dc.type.publication | article | |
| dc.relation.doi | 10.1093/pubmed/fdv187 | |
| dc.type.okm | A1 | |
