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dc.contributor.authorNokia, Miriam
dc.contributor.authorWikgren, Jan
dc.date.accessioned2015-12-16T10:23:34Z
dc.date.available2015-12-16T10:23:34Z
dc.date.issued2014
dc.identifier.citationNokia, M., & Wikgren, J. (2014). Effects of Hippocampal State-Contingent Trial Presentation on Hippocampus-Dependent Nonspatial Classical Conditioning and Extinction. <em>The Journal of Neuroscience</em>, 34 (17), 6003-6010. <a href="http://dx.doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4859-13.2014">doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4859-13.2014</a>
dc.identifier.urihttps://jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/48137
dc.description.abstractHippocampal local field potentials are characterized by two mutually exclusive states: one characterized by regular θ oscillations (∼4–8 Hz) and the other by irregular sharp-wave ripples. Presenting stimuli during dominant θ oscillations leads to expedited learning, suggesting that θ indexes a state in which encoding is most effective. However, ripple-contingent training also expedites learning, suggesting that any discrete brain state, much like the external context, can affect learning. We trained adult rabbits in trace eyeblink conditioning, a hippocampus-dependent nonspatial task, followed by extinction. Trials were delivered either in the presence or absence of θ or regardless of hippocampal state. Conditioning in the absence of θ led to more animals learning, although learning was slower compared with a yoked control group. Contrary to expectations, conditioning in the presence of θ did not affect learning. However, extinction was expedited both when it was conducted contingent on θ and when it was conducted in a state contrary to that used to trigger trials during conditioning. Strong phase-locking of hippocampal θ-band responses to the conditioned stimulus early on during conditioning predicted good learning. No such connection was observed during extinction. Our results suggest that any consistent hippocampal oscillatory state can potentially be used to regulate learning. However, the effects depend on the specific state and task at hand. Finally, much like the external environment, the ongoing neural state appears to act as a context for learning and memory retrieval.
dc.language.isoeng
dc.publisherSociety for Neuroscience
dc.relation.ispartofseriesThe Journal of Neuroscience
dc.relation.uri
dc.subject.otherclassical conditioning
dc.subject.otherextinction
dc.subject.otherhippocampus
dc.titleEffects of Hippocampal State-Contingent Trial Presentation on Hippocampus-Dependent Nonspatial Classical Conditioning and Extinction
dc.typearticle
dc.identifier.urnURN:NBN:fi:jyu-201512164056
dc.contributor.laitosPsykologian laitos
dc.contributor.oppiaine
dc.type.uri
dc.type.coarjournal article
dc.description.reviewstatuspeerReviewed
dc.relation.issn0270-6474
dc.type.versionacceptedVersion
dc.rights.copyright© 2014 the Authors. Published by Society for Neuroscience. Published in this repository with the kind permission of the publisher.
dc.rights.accesslevelopenAccessfi
dc.relation.doi10.1523/JNEUROSCI.4859-13.2014


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