Gelation and gel properties of two- and three-component pyrene based low molecular weight organogelators
The research described in this thesis covers the synthesis, characterization
and the study of the gelation ability of fteen pyrene based low molecular
weight organogelators (LMOGs). The gelation and gel properties were investigated
by rheometry, scanning electron microscopy, di erential scanning
calorimetry, UV-Vis and uorescence spectroscopy.
The pyrene based LMOGs form complexes with 2,4,7-trinitro uorenone
(TNF) and self-assemble non-covalently through - stacking, donor-acceptor
and van der Waals interactions to form thermoreversible gels, which remain
stable at least for two years. The strongest gels were obtained in primary alcohols
whereas the poor solubility of TNF restricted gelation in nonpolar hydrocarbons.
It was observed that the gelation behavior of the two-component
gelator system can be estimated in both nonpolar and polar solvents by using
the Hansen solubility parameters and distance. The unknown solubility
parameters of the gelators were estimated by a group contribution method.
The gelation ability of the two-component system was found to correlate with
the hydrogen bonding solubility parameter of the solvent.
Electron microscopy showed that the gelation occurs due to self-assembly
of the gelators into long gel bers that form an entangled gel network.
The solvent and the structure of the pyrene based LMOG have a large e ect
on the gel structure and; consequently, the properties. The gels with less ber
bundles and denser gel network were more elastic and had higher stability
and viscosity. The organogels are viscoelastic soft materials showing shear
thinning behavior and a yield point. The e ect of the solvent, additives
like pyrene, crosslinker molecule and aluminum nanoparticles, functionality
and alkyl side chain length of the pyrene based gelator on the gel properties
were studied by rheometry. The results of this work indicate that two- and
three-component gelator systems open wide possibilities to control the gel
properties in various solvents.
...


Publisher
University of JyväskyläISBN
978-951-39-4232-8ISSN Search the Publication Forum
0357-346XKeywords
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- Väitöskirjat [3079]
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