Effects and Factors of the Hybrid Emergency Response Model in Public Protection and Disaster Relief

Abstract

In the future centralized hybrid emergency response model with predictive emergency response functions are necessary when the purpose is to protect the critical infrastructure (CI). Functioning Situational Awareness requires a common operational picture within Public Protection and Disaster Relief (PPDR) authorities and decision-makers. It means that a real-time information sharing link from a local level to a state-level exists. If a cyberattack interrupts electricity transmission, telecommunication networks will discontinue operating. If intrusion has not been detected, cyberattack becomes physical in urban and maritime areas. Hybrid warfare requires hybrid responses. The goal of this qualitative research was to find out the effects and factors of the Hybrid Emergency Response Model in Public Protection and Disaster Relief. It has been assessed and defined those effects and factors that impact the development and designing process. The doctoral dissertation focuses on creating an example of a new kind of emergency response model that comprises separated public safety-related functionalities from the operational work to decision-making procedures. The proposed set of requirements and features offer needed elements that form the framework for the Early Warning Solution, which can be joined to the European Early Warning Solution. The main results can be summarized so that fundamental human-based factors affect the whole cyber-ecosystem. Hybrid influencing can make society unstable in many ways. One of the main key aims is to influence political decision-making. The flow of reliable information among decision-makers must be ensured by using standardized Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems. The proposed system will use artificial intelligence to enhance situational awareness. Firstly, it works in smart society and uses automated or semi-automated systems. On the other hand, it supports decision-makers in their daily routine by producing relevant proposals for the decisions.

Keywords: Situational awareness, Artificial Intelligence, Information Sharing, Decision-making, Early Warning Solution, Public Protection and Disaster Relief