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Communication between the tadpoles of the dyeing poison frog Dendrobates tinctorius (Anura, Dendrobatidae)

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Authors
Kumpulainen, Nina
Date
2022
Discipline
Ekologia ja evoluutiobiologiaEcology and evolutionary biology
Copyright
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.

 
Eläimet tarvitsevat kommunikointia eri tarkoituksiin, kuten parin muodostukseen, saalistajan havaitsemiseen ja reviirin hallintaan. Kemiallinen kommunikointi on kommunikoinnin muodoista vanhin ja yleisin. Sammakkoeläimet, ja erityisesti niiden akvaattiset nuijapäät, soveltuvat hyvin kemiallisen kommunikoinnin tutkimukseen. Nuijapäiden käytös ei tähtää välittömään seksuaaliseen hyötyyn, joten käyttäytymistä on helpompi tulkita. Dendrobates tinctorius on myrkkysammakko, jonka nuijapäät kehittyvät sademetsässä pienissä vesialtaissa metamorfoosiin asti. Tämä tutkimus pyrkii selvittämään laboratoriossa suoritetun käyttäytymiskokeen avulla aistiärsykkeen, jonka avulla D. tinctorius -lajin nuijapää havaitsee toisen yksilön läsnäolon (näkö, haju vai näiden yhdistelmä). Tutkimuksen hypoteesi oli, että nuijapäät käyttävät näkö- ja hajuaistin yhdistelmää lajitoverin tunnistamiseen, kuten toisella myrkkysammakkolajilla on tutkittu tapahtuvan. Reagointi lajitoveriin nähdään nuijapään aktiivisuuden lisääntymisenä. Tulosten perusteella nuijapäät olivat kuitenkin aktiivisimpia, kun ne ainoastaan näkivät toisen yksilön. Mahdollinen selitys on, että näkö on nuijapäille tärkeämpi aisti kuin aiemmin on ajateltu. Tulosten perusteella nuijapäät, jotka vain näkivät toisen yksilön, erosivat tilan käytöltään kontrollista viettäen enemmän aikaa altaan reunassa lähellä toista yksilöä. Tämä viittaa siihen, että nuijapäät hyödyntävät näköään ympäristönsä havainnointiin. ...
 
Communication between animals is fundamental in the context of mate choice, predator avoidance and territory defense, among others. The oldest and most widespread mode of animal communication is chemical communication, which is particularly useful in aquatic environments. In animals that are fully aquatic for only part of their lives, like amphibians, chemical communication at the larval stage is interesting because it has not evolved for an immediate sexual advantage, making behavioural assays easier to interpret. Dendrobates tinctorius is a neotropical poison frog whose males transport tadpoles to small water pools where they develop until metamorphosis. This study aims to determine with behavioral laboratory experiment which communication mode(s) are used by D. tinctorius tadpoles to detect another individual. I hypothesized that tadpoles use a combination of visual and chemical cues for that purpose, as shown in other poison frog species. This detection should manifest as an increased activity of tadpoles. Surprisingly, I found that tadpoles are the most active when exposed only to visual cues, indicating that tadpoles might be more motion-orientated than previously thought. Tadpoles exposed exclusively to visual cues also di ered in their space use when compared to the control group (exposed to no cues): they spend more time closer to the individual they are seeing, which indicates that they are using their vision to gather more information about their surroundings and possible threats. ...
 
Keywords
behavioral ecology olfaction sensory modality näkö sammakot eläinten käyttäytyminen etologia käyttäytyminen eyesight frogs animal behaviour ethology behaviour
URI

http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202201211211

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