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Effect of acute strength training on cellular respiration and gene expression of peripheral blood mononuclear cells

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Authors
Lähteenmäki, Emilia
Date
2019
Discipline
Solu- ja molekyylibiologiaCell and molecular biology
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Liikunnan avulla voidaan ehkäistä matala-asteista tulehdustilaa, joka on osallisena monien sairauksien kehittymisessä. Toisaalta liikunta voi aiheuttaa lihassoluihin mikrovaurioita laukaisten kehossa tulehdusvasteen, jonka välittäjänä toimivat mononukleaariset valkosolut. Näiden valkosolujen mitokondrioiden toimintaa pidetään yhtenä mahdollisena terveysindikaattorina ja tämä voi myös olla hyödyllinen tutkittaessa liikunnan vaikutuksia terveyteen. Voimaharjoittelun sekä eksentrisen ja konsentrisen lihaskuormitusten eroja valkosolujen soluhengitykseen ei ole tutkittu. Tässä tutkimuksessa kaksitoista miesurheilijaa suoritti eksentrisen, konsentrisen ja näiden yhdistelmäharjoitteen satunnaisessa järjestyksessä. Verinäytteet otettiin ennen harjoitusta sekä 5 min ja 24 tuntia harjoituksen jälkeen. Mononukleaariset valkosolut eristettiin soluhengitysmittauksia varten, jotka suoritettiin korkean erotuskyvyn respirometrillä. Hengitystasot määritettiin hapen kulutuksen perusteella. Rutiinihengitys, elektroninsiirtokapasiteetti sekä vapaa rutiinihengityksen kapasiteetti muuttuivat 5-min yhdistelmäharjoitteen jälkeen. Eksentrisen kuormituksen vaikutus soluhengitykseen oli erilainen verrattuna toisiin kuormituksiin. Tulehdukseen ja mitokondrioihin liittyvien geenin ekpressiotasoissa ei löydetty huomattavaa muutosta. Akuutilla eksentrisellä voimaharjoituksella on erilainen vaikutus valkosoluihin, kuin akuutilla konsentrisella ja yhdistelmäharjoituksella, mikä voi johtua suuremmasta lihasvauriomäärästä, tulehdusvasteesta ja lihaksiston kuormittumisesta. ...
 
Physical activity prevents chronic low-grade inflammatory state which predisposes to many diseases. Exercise causes micro damage to muscle fibers triggering a temporary inflammatory response that is mediated by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) which are important part of the immune system. Mitochondrial bioenergetics of PBMCs could be a useful health indicator when investigating effects of exercise. Acute effects of resistance training on cellular respiration of PBMCs has not been studied, neither if eccentric and concentric contractions have different impact on it. For investigating this, twelve young male athletes performed eccentric (ECC), concentric (CON) and combination (CEX) of these two exercises in a random order. Blood samples were taken prior exercise, 5 min and 24 hours after and PBMCs were isolated for the respiration measurements with high resolution respirometry. Respiration states were analyzed from the real-time oxygen concentration data. Routine respiration, electron transfer capacity (ET) and free routine capacity showed significant changes after CEX and between different resistance exercises. These changes were reflected in routine control ratio and excess E-R capacity factor. Expression of four genes of PBMCs related to inflammation and mitochondrial dynamics did not show statistical significant changes on them. Acute ECC has different impact on cellular respiration of PBMCs than CON and CEX which may be a result of higher muscle damage level, higher inflammation response and fatigue of muscles. ...
 
Keywords
mitochondrion eccentric concentric geeniekspressio valkosolut tulehdus hengitys gene expression white blood cells inflammation respiration
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http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202002102027

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