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Peer effects in classroom : do classmates matter for your future?

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Authors
Salo, Jussipekka
Date
2019
Discipline
TaloustiedeEconomics
Copyright
This publication is copyrighted. You may download, display and print it for Your own personal use. Commercial use is prohibited.

 
Vertaisvaikutukset ovat kasvava kiinnostuksen kohde akateemisessa kirjallisuudessa. Vertaisvaikutusten mittaaminen on kuitenkin hankalaa johtuen rajoitteista tutkimusmenetelmissä ja aineistoissa. Tutkin koulu- ja luokkakavereiden vaikutusta rikollisuuteen ja koulutukseen hyödyntämällä toisen asteen yhteisvalinta-aineistoa. Tutkimukseni kohderyhmä koostuu oppilaista, joiden vanhempi on tuomittu rikoksesta. Yhdistämällä yhteisvalinta-aineistoon Tilastokeskuksen yksilötason rekisteritietoja saan tiedot oppilaiden ja heidän vanhempien rikollisuudesta, koulutuksesta ja muista relevanteista muuttujista. Tutkimuksessani käytän hyväksi kohderyhmän vuositason vaihtelua koulussa sekä luokassa ja estimoin tällaisten opiskelijoiden vaikutuksia käyttäen kiinteiden vaikutusten mallia. Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittavat, että luokkakavereilla on vaikutusta. Yhden kohderyhmän lapsen lisääminen luokkaan, jossa on 20 oppilasta, kasvattaa keskimäärin kahdella prosentilla muiden oppilaiden todennäköisyyttä tehdä rikos, alentaa keskimäärin 1,1 prosentilla todennäköisyyttä suorittaa ylioppilastutkinto sekä lisää keskimäärin kahdella prosentilla todennäköisyyttä sille, ettei luokkakaveri suorita toisen asteen tutkintoa. Tulokset osoittavat myös, että kohderyhmässä poikien vaikutus on tyttöihin verrattuna suurempia jokaisessa selitettävässä muuttujassa. Tulokset ovat tilastollisesti merkitseviä. ...
 
Peer effect has been a growing target of interest in academic literature. However, measuring these peer effects is hard because of the well-known methodological and data limitations. I study the peer effects in schools and classrooms to examine the impact of disruptive peers on education and criminality. I do this by using a rich school choice data set from Finland combined to different register data sets, which provides criminal, educational and other relevant information about peers and their parents. I use the year-to- year variation of the portion of children who are considered to be disruptive peers and estimate these spill overs by using year, school and class label fixed effects. I find evidence of negative peer effects at a class level, but not at a school level. I find that adding one disruptive peer in a class of 20 people increases the other students’ probability to commit a crime by 2 per cent, decreases the probability to get a matriculation examination by 2 per cent and increases the probability of not getting any degree after secondary school by 1,1 per cent. I also find that adding a disruptive boy peer into a class has stronger effect on every outcome than adding a disruptive girl peer. All these estimates are statistically significant. ...
 
Keywords
peer effect criminality työn taloustiede koulutus rikollisuus rikokset vanhemmat vertaisryhmät labour economics education and training crime crimes parents peer groups
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http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201908073771

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