Surface modification of gold nanoparticles and nanoclusters
Gold nanoparticles are used in many beneficial technological applications in biochemistry, medicine and electronics. Among them, monolayer protected gold nanoclusters (MPCs) have received a significant attention in the scientific community due to their well-defined atomic structure, which is important for fundamental studies of nanoparticles properties and their functionalization. These particles, with a precise number of atoms, exhibit size-dependent optical, chemical and electronic properties. The thesis focuses on the structure, preparation, characterization, and properties of MPCs.
For multifunctional applications, gold nanoparticles are an ideal class of compounds for surface functionalization reactions. Incorporating various active groups into nanoparticles’ surface opens new possibilities for broad applicability. The second part of this thesis describes surface modification methods of gold nanoparticles and MPCs. Typical surface modification methods are ligand exchange, chemical conjugation, physical conjugation, and bioconjugation.
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Real-space imaging with pattern recognition of a ligand-protected Ag374 nanocluster at sub-molecular resolution
Zhou, Qin; Kaappa, Sami; Malola, Sami; Lu, Hui; Guan, Dawei; Li, Yajuan; Wang, Haochen; Xie, Zhaoxiong; Ma, Zhibo; Häkkinen, Hannu; Zheng, Nanfeng; Yang, Xueming; Zheng, Lansun (Nature Publishing Group, 2018)High-resolution real-space imaging of nanoparticle surfaces is desirable for better understanding of surface composition and morphology, molecular interactions at the surface, and nanoparticle chemical functionality in its ... -
Dithiol-Induced Oligomerization of Thiol-Protected Gold Nanoclusters
Sokolowska, Karolina; Hulkko, Eero; Lehtovaara, Lauri; Lahtinen, Tanja (American Chemical Society, 2018)Controlled synthesis of nanostructure oligomers requires detailed understanding of their wet chemistry and the forces driving the polymerization process. In this paper, we report the main factors affecting the reaction ... -
Bulky Surface Ligands Promote Surface Reactivities of [Ag141X12(S-Adm)40]3+ (X=Cl, Br, I) Nanoclusters: Models for Multiple-Twinned Nanoparticles
Ren, Liting; Yuan, Peng; Su, Haifeng; Malola, Sami; Lin, Shuichao; Tang, Zichao; Teo, Boon K.; Häkkinen, Hannu; Zheng, Lansun; Zheng, Nanfeng (American Chemical Society, 2017)Surface ligands play important roles in controlling the size and shape of metal nanoparticles and their surface properties. In this work, we demonstrate that the use of bulky thiolate ligands, along with halides, as the ... -
Surface Coordination of Multiple Ligands Endows N‐Heterocyclic Carbene‐Stabilized Gold Nanoclusters with High Robustness and Surface Reactivity
Shen, Hui; Xu, Zhen; Hazer, Maryam Sabooni Asre; Wu, Qingyuan; Peng, Jiang; Qin, Ruixuan; Malola, Sami; Teo, Boon K.; Häkkinen, Hannu; Zheng, Nanfeng (Wiley-VCH Verlag, 2021)Deciphering the molecular pictures of the multi-component and non-periodic organic-inorganic interlayer is a grand technical challenge. Here we show that the atomic arrangement of hybrid surface ligands on metal nanoparticles ... -
Prospects and challenges for computer simulations of monolayer-protected metal clusters
Malola, Sami; Häkkinen, Hannu (Nature Publishing Group, 2021)Precise knowledge of chemical composition and atomic structure of functional nanosized systems, such as metal clusters stabilized by an organic molecular layer, allows for detailed computational work to investigate ...
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