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Characterization of three-dimensional microstructure of composite materials by X-ray tomography

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Research report / Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä
Authors
Miettinen, Arttu
Date
2016
Discipline
Fysiikka

 
Analysis methods for X-ray microtomographic images of short fibre composite materials were developed. The methods enable estimation of microstructural properties of the material, e.g., aspect ratio and orientation of fibres. Being based on X-ray microtomography and image analysis, the methods are nondestructive and do not require user intervention. In particular, a method for determination of the aspect ratio of fibres was first developed. The method contains an assumption about similarity of the shape of the fibres. The assumption was relaxed in an improved method that can estimate cross-sectional properties of fibres, too, e.g., cross-sectional area. Additionally, the effect of finite image volume on the results of the measurements was discussed. It was concluded that fibre length is the quantity that is most biased by it. A method for correcting the bias was proposed. The developed algorithms were tested and applied in estimation of parameters for a micromechanical model and in quantification of morphological degradation of wood fibres in injection moulding process. It was demonstrated that the methods can be used to measure the parameters of a specific micromechanical model for Young’s modulus of flax fibre composites. The modelling results were compared to those calculated with parameters determined manually, and to results of tensile tests. Morphological degradation of wood fibres in injection moulding process was studied. It was observed that both the length and the aspect ratio of the fibres decrease considerably during processing. Finally, a special sample holder was fabricated for studying the hygroexpansion of fibres in a wood fibre composite material. Tomographic images acquired with the sample holder were used to estimate expansion parameters of the fibres. The parameters were applied in validating a finite element model. In all cases discussed above, results obtained using the developed methods are in agreement with those from independent reference measurements. ...
Publisher
University of Jyväskylä
ISBN
978-951-39-6325-5
ISSN Search the Publication Forum
0075-465X
Contains publications
  • Artikkeli I: Miettinen, A., Ojala, A., Wikström, L., Joffe, R., Madsen, B., Nättinen, K., & Kataja, M. (2015). Non-destructive automatic determination of aspect ratio and cross-sectional properties of fibres. Composites Part A: Applied Science and Manufacturing, 77(October), 188-194. DOI: 10.1016/j.compositesa.2015.07.005
  • Artikkeli II: Miettinen, A., Hendriks, C. L. L., Chinga-Carrasco, G., Gamstedt, E. K., & Kataja, M. (2012). A non-destructive X-ray microtomography approach for measuring fibre length in short-fibre composites. Composites Science and Technology, 72, 1901–1908. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.08.008
  • Artikkeli III: Joffre, T., Miettinen, A., Berthold, F., & Gamstedt, E. K. (2014). X-ray micro-computed tomography investigation of fibre length degradation during the processing steps of short-fibre composites. Composites science and technology, 105(December), 127–133. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2014.10.011. JYX: jyx.jyu.fi/handle/123456789/44549
  • Artikkeli IV: Joffre, T., Wernersson, E., Miettinen, A., Hendriks, C. L., & Gamstedt, E. K. (2013). Swelling of cellulose fibres in composite materials: Constraint effects of the surrounding matrix. Composites Science and Technology, 74, 52-59. DOI: 10.1016/j.compscitech.2012.10.006
Keywords
Composite materials Fibrous composites Tomography X-rays Three-dimensional imaging Image analysis Image processing wood fibres biomaterials materiaalitutkimus komposiitit biomateriaalit kuidut mikrorakenteet kuvantaminen 3D-mallinnus kuvankäsittely röntgentutkimus tomografia
URI

http://urn.fi/URN:ISBN:978-951-39-6325-5

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