Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order

Abstract
Abstract. Purpose: Although the benefits of combined endurance (E) and strength (S) training for the development of physical fitness and health are well known, scientific examination of the effect of loading order when E and S are combined into the same training session (E+S vs. S+E) is rare. This study investigated the effects of moderate frequency E+S versus S+E training on physical fitness, body composition and blood lipids. Methods: Physically active and healthy young men performed E+S (n=16) or S+E (n=18) training, 2-3 x·wk-1 for 24 weeks. Endurance (by incremental bike test) and strength (by dynamic leg press) performance as well as body composition (by DXA), muscle cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis (by ultrasound) and blood lipids were determined before and after the intervention. Results: Time to exhaustion, aerobic power (W) and 1RM strength significantly increased in the two groups at week 24 (E+S 12-15%,p=0.003-0.001; S+E 16-17%,p<0.001) but no between-group difference was observed. Similarly, the two groups significantly increased total lean mass (E+S 3%, S+E 3%, both p=0.001) and muscle cross-sectional area (E+S 14%, p=0.001; S+E 16%, p<0.001) at week 24 to a similar extent. No sig nificant changes in body fat or blood lipids were observed in either of the two groups at week 24. Conclusion: These results showed that moderate frequency (2-3 x·wk-1) combined E+S or S+E training led to significant improvements in physical fitness and lean body mass but did not induce significant changes in body fat or blood lipids. Furthermore, as no between-group differences were observed, these results indicate that loading order does not seem to affect training adaptations of healthy moderately active young men.
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Format
Articles Research article
Published
2014
Series
Subjects
Publication in research information system
Publisher
Lippincott Williams & Wilkins; American College of Sports Medicine
The permanent address of the publication
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201410112967Use this for linking
Review status
Peer reviewed
ISSN
0195-9131
DOI
https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000303
Language
English
Published in
Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
Citation
  • Schumann, M., Küüsmaa, M., Newton, R. U., Sirparanta, A.-I., Syväoja, H., Häkkinen, A., & Häkkinen, K. (2014). Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order. Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46(9), 1758-1768. https://doi.org/10.1249/MSS.0000000000000303
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Copyright© Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and American College of Sports Medicine 2014. This is a non-final version of an article published in final form in Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, 46 (9), 1758-1768. Published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins and American College of Sports Medicine.

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author Schumann, Moritz Küüsmaa, Maria Newton, Robert U. Sirparanta, Aina-Ilona Syväoja, Henna Häkkinen, Arja Häkkinen, Keijo
author_facet Schumann, Moritz Küüsmaa, Maria Newton, Robert U. Sirparanta, Aina-Ilona Syväoja, Henna Häkkinen, Arja Häkkinen, Keijo
converis_txtF yes
departments_txtF_mv Liikuntabiologian laitos Terveystieteiden laitos Department of Biology of Physical Activity Department of Health Sciences
description Abstract. Purpose: Although the benefits of combined endurance (E) and strength (S) training for the development of physical fitness and health are well known, scientific examination of the effect of loading order when E and S are combined into the same training session (E+S vs. S+E) is rare. This study investigated the effects of moderate frequency E+S versus S+E training on physical fitness, body composition and blood lipids. Methods: Physically active and healthy young men performed E+S (n=16) or S+E (n=18) training, 2-3 x·wk-1 for 24 weeks. Endurance (by incremental bike test) and strength (by dynamic leg press) performance as well as body composition (by DXA), muscle cross-sectional area of vastus lateralis (by ultrasound) and blood lipids were determined before and after the intervention. Results: Time to exhaustion, aerobic power (W) and 1RM strength significantly increased in the two groups at week 24 (E+S 12-15%,p=0.003-0.001; S+E 16-17%,p<0.001) but no between-group difference was observed. Similarly, the two groups significantly increased total lean mass (E+S 3%, S+E 3%, both p=0.001) and muscle cross-sectional area (E+S 14%, p=0.001; S+E 16%, p<0.001) at week 24 to a similar extent. No sig nificant changes in body fat or blood lipids were observed in either of the two groups at week 24. Conclusion: These results showed that moderate frequency (2-3 x·wk-1) combined E+S or S+E training led to significant improvements in physical fitness and lean body mass but did not induce significant changes in body fat or blood lipids. Furthermore, as no between-group differences were observed, these results indicate that loading order does not seem to affect training adaptations of healthy moderately active young men.
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spellingShingle Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order Schumann, Moritz Küüsmaa, Maria Newton, Robert U. Sirparanta, Aina-Ilona Syväoja, Henna Häkkinen, Arja Häkkinen, Keijo order effect resistance training concurrent endurance and strength training muscle cross-sectional area hypertrophy aerobinen harjoittelu kehonkoostumus terveys Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise
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title Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
title_full Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
title_fullStr Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
title_full_unstemmed Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
title_short Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
title_sort Fitness and lean mass increases during combined training independent of loading order
topic order effect resistance training concurrent endurance and strength training muscle cross-sectional area hypertrophy aerobinen harjoittelu kehonkoostumus terveys
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