Structural Isomerism in Bimetallic Ag20Cu12 Nanoclusters

Abstract

Structural isomers of atomically precise metal nanoclusters are highly sought after for investigating structure–property relationships in nanostructured materials. However, they are extremely rare, particularly those of alloys, primarily due to the challenges in their synthesis and structural characterization. Herein, for the first time, a pair of bimetallic isomeric AgCu nanoclusters has been controllably synthesized and structurally characterized. These two isomers share an identical molecular formula, Ag20Cu12(C≡CR)24 (denoted as Ag20Cu12-1 and Ag20Cu12-2; HC≡CR is 3,5-bis(trifluoromethyl)phenylacetylene). Single-crystal X-ray diffraction data analysis revealed that Ag20Cu12-1 possesses an Ag17Cu4 core composed of two interpenetrating hollow Ag11Cu2 structures. This core is stabilized by four different types of surface motifs: eight –C≡CR, one Cu(C≡CR)2, one Ag3Cu3(C≡CR)6, and two Cu2(C≡CR)4 units. Ag20Cu12-2 features a bitetrahedron Ag14 core, which is stabilized by three Ag2Cu4(C≡CR)8 units. Interestingly, Ag20Cu12-2 undergoes spontaneous transformation to Ag20Cu12-1 in the solution-state. Density functional theory calculations explain the electronic and optical properties and confirm the higher relative stability of Ag20Cu12-1 compared to Ag20Cu12-2. The controlled synthesis and structural isomerism of alloy nanoclusters presented in this work will stimulate and broaden research on nanoscale isomerism.