Dietary niche and gut microbial responses to novel environment in bank voles artificially selected for herbivorous capability
Tekijät
Päivämäärä
2023Pääsyrajoitukset
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Evolution of dietary niche and gut microbiota may be driven by natural selection
acting on behavioral or physiological traits. However, relative importance of
genetic and environmental components remain unclear. In this thesis I conducted
a lab-to-field translocation experiment using bank vole selection lines with
artificially enhanced capability to maintain body mass with low-quality fiber-rich
diet (H-line) and unselected control lines (C-line). Objectives of this study were
to investigate 1) if overall genotypic differences that result from artificial
selection for whole-organism performance are coupled with dietary niche
divergence and 2) whether responses of gut microbiota of the selection lines
differ when translocated from field to laboratory. Realized diets of the bank voles
in the field conditions were determined using stable isotopes analysis for carbon
and nitrogen in bank vole liver tissues. Gut microbial responses were examined
using repeated fecal sampling and 16S rRNA-V4 amplicon sequencing. Indicated
by stable isotopes of nitrogen, H-line appeared to consume food from the lower
trophic level than C-line. Moreover, interestingly, carbon sources differed
between the selection lines in juveniles but not in adults. However,
environmental variation seemed to explain remarkable proportion of dietary
variation. While translocation from the laboratory to field conditions induced
different gut microbial responses between lines, the effects of environmental
factors in relation to host traits were notable. Taken together, the results
presented in this thesis are in line with previous research and indicate that the
selection for physiological or behavioral performance can result to modifications
in dietary niche and gut microbiota. These results call for further research on the
assessment of long-term trends of these findings.
...
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