Semileptonic decays of heavy-flavour hadrons
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2023Copyright
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Raskaat hadronit, eli hadronit jotka sisältävät vähintään yhden raskaan kvarkin, ovat kiinnostavia, koska niiden massat ovat tarpeeksi suuria jotta niiden tuottovaikutusalat voi laskea jopa pienillä poikittaisliikemäärillä. Koska itse hadronien spektrien mittaaminen ei ole aina mahdollista on usein hyödyllistä tutkia hajoamistuotteita, tai pikemminkin niiden spektrejä. Semileptoniset hajoamiskanavat ovat erityisen hyödyllisiä tähän tarkoitukseen sillä hajoamisessa syntyvien hiukkasten, tässä tapauksessa elektronien ja positronien, havaitseminen on yleensä suhteellisen helppoa.
Tässä tutkielmassa olemme kehittäneet simulaation, jonka avulla voidaan tutkia raskaiden hadronien hajoamisia. Tämä simulaatio käyttää niinkutsutun SACOT-m_T skeeman avulla saatuja tuottovaikutusaloja lähtökohtana. Lisäksi, simulaatio käyttää PYTHIA eventtigeneraattoria hajoamisprosessien mallintamiseen. Tässä työssä keskeisinä kiinnostuksen kohteina ovat hajoamistuotteiden tuottovaikutusalat. Tavoitteena on arvioida SACOT-m_T skeeman käytön pätevyyttä vertaamalla saatuja numeerisia tuloksia kokeellisiin tuloksiin ja FONLL laskuihin. Saatujen numeeristen tulosten havaitaan olevan hyvässä sopusoinnussa kokeellisen datan kanssa ja täten simulaatiota voidaan pitää onnistuneena. Näin ollen, voidaan myös todeta, että SACOT-m_T skeeman käyttäminen on tässä yhteydessä perusteltua.
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Heavy-flavour hadrons, i.e. hadrons that contain at least one heavy quark, are interesting as their masses are large enough that it is possible to calculate their production cross sections even at small transverse momenta. As measuring the spectra for the hadrons themselves is not always possible, it is often useful to study the decay products, or more precisely their spectra. Semileptonic decay channels are particularly useful for this purpose since detecting decay particles, such as electrons and positrons, is often relatively easy.
In this thesis, we have developed a simulation that allows us to study the decay of heavy-flavour hadrons. The simulation uses production cross sections obtained using the so-called SACOT-m_T scheme as a starting point. Furthermore, the simulation uses the PYTHIA event generator to model the decay processes. In this work, the production cross sections of the decay particles, in this case electrons and positrons, are the main object of interest. Our aim is to assess the validity of the use of the SACOT-m_T scheme by comparing our numerical results with experimental results and FONLL calculations. We find that our numerical results are in good correspondence with experimental data and therefore we can consider our simulation to be successful. Thus, we can also conclude that the use of the SACOT-m_T scheme is justified in this context.
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