“Good witches” and “bad bitches” : intersectional rhetoric of resistance in Princess Nokia’s 1992 Deluxe
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2022Copyright
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Tämä pro gradu -tutkielma tarkastelee intersektionaalisen vastarinnan retoriikkaa hip-hop artisti Princess Nokian 1992 Deluxe albumin lyriikoissa. Tutkin häiritseviä ja kumouksellisia ilmaisuja kriittisen intersektionaalisen viitekehyksen ja uuden retoriikan välineiden avulla. Tutkimus sijoittuu hip-hopin kulttuuriseen kontekstiin. Analyysi osoitti, että vastustusta
ilmaistiin monipuolisesti sukupuolen, seksuaalisuuden, rodun, etnisyyden ja luokan risteymissä.
Tutkielman analyysi osoitti, että intersektionaalista vastarintaa ilmaistiin monin eri keinoin. Princess Nokia haastoi valkoisen keskiluokan käsityksiä moraalista ja kunnollisuudesta sekä suoraan torjumalla, että tarjoamalla kumouksellisia vaihtoehtoja. Nokia ilmaisi lisäksi vastustusta haluttavuuden ja kunnollisuuden normeja kohtaan sukupuolen ja seksuaalisuuden saralla. Hän hyödyntää hip-hop estetiikkaa kumouksellisena tyylinä ja visuaalisena vastarintana. Lopuksi, Princess Nokia ilmaisee antikolonialistista vastarintaa lisäämällä
tietoisuutta ja keskittämällä alkuperäisväestöjen ja afrikkalaisten diasporan monimuotoisia kokemuksia Amerikoissa.
Nokia ilmaisee vastarintaa tehokkaasti haastamalla yleisön käsityksen moraalista ja etiikasta. Lisäksi Nokia vetoaa yleisön tunteisiin, pehmentääkseen transgressiivisten viestiensä vastaanottoa. Nämä strategiat ovat olleet suosittuja myös Nokiaa edeltäneiden rajoja rikkovien
hip-hop artistien joukossa
...
This thesis explores intersectional rhetoric of resistance in hip-hop lyrics of Princess Nokia’s 1992 Deluxe album. Interrogating lyrical disruptions and subversions through the critical lens of intersectionality and new rhetorical analysis, the study is further located in the cultural context of hip-hop. The analysis suggested that resistance was indeed expressed in multiple,
often co-constructive manners when considered aspects of gender, sexuality, race, ethnicity, and class.
Various forms of intersectional resistances became evident in the process of the analysis. Princess Nokia challenged white middle-class morality and respectability by expressing direct rejection and further providing the audience with a subverted alternative. Nokia expressed resistance towards the notions of desirability and respectability in her gendered doings and
sexual self-expression. She captivates hip-hop aesthetics as a form of subversive style, a visual expression of resistance. Ultimately, Princess Nokia expresses anticolonial resistance by raising awareness and centering the plural histories and multiplicity of experiences of the African diaspora, and indigenous people of Americas.
Nokia expressed her resistance effectively to the audience by challenging notions on ethics and morality. She further appeals to various emotions in her audience, further facilitating the reception of her messages. These strategies mirror those used by other transgressive contemporary hip-hop artists before her.
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