Vanhempien liikunnallisen tuen yhteys 6–11-vuotiaiden lasten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen
Abstract
Tämän tutkimuksen tarkoituksena oli selvittää vanhempien liikunnallisen tuen yhteyttä 6–11-
vuotiaiden lasten objektiivisesti mitattuun fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen. Tutkimuksessa tarkasteltiin
lasten ja vanhempien käsityksiä vanhempien liikunnallisesta tuesta ja selvitettiin, miten
yhdenmukaiset tai eriävät käsitykset vaikuttavat lasten fyysiseen aktiivisuuteen. Fyysinen
aktiivisuus tarkoitti tässä tutkimuksessa liikuntaa, joka kuormittaa lasta reippaasti tai raskaasti.
Tutkimuksen aineisto on kerätty vuosina 2018–2020 ja se on osa Jyväskylän yliopiston
Liikuntatieteellisen tiedekunnan toteuttamaa Liikkuva perhe -hanketta. Aineisto on kerätty
yhteensä 97:stä koulusta eri puolilta Suomea ja tässä tutkimuksessa käytetyn aineiston
osallistujajoukko vaihteli tutkimuskysymyksestä riippuen 552:n ja 679:n välillä. Tutkittavat
olivat 1.–4.-luokkalaisia lapsia ja heidän vanhempiaan, jotka vastasivat liikunnallista tukea
mittaaviin kyselylomakkeisiin. Lisäksi lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta mitattiin
kiihtyvyysmittarilla. Tutkimusaineiston analysoinnissa hyödynnettiin IBM SPSS Statistics -
ohjelmaa (versio 26). Lasten ja vanhempien käsityksiä vanhempien liikunnallisesta tuesta
kuvailtiin muodostamalla frekvenssianalyysit, keskiarvot ja keskihajonnat. Aineiston
analysoinnissa keskeiset tilastolliset menetelmät olivat Pearsonin
tulomomenttikorrelaatiokerroin (PPMCC) ja kovarianssianalyysi (ANCOVA), joilla
selvitettiin tutkittavien muuttujien välisiä yhteyksiä sekä lasten fyysisen aktiivisuuden eroja
tuen käsityksistä muodostettujen yhdenmukaisuusryhmien välillä.
Tutkimuksen tulokset osoittivat, että erityisesti lapset, mutta myös vanhemmat raportoivat
liikunnallisen tuen olevan vahvaa. Vanhemmat myös arvioivat oman tukensa jokaisella osa-
alueella vahvemmaksi, kuin puolison tarjoaman tuen. Lasten ja vanhempien arvioiman
liikunnallisen tuen väliltä löytyi tilastollisesti merkitsevä yhteys, ja tuen eri osa-alueiden
vertailu osoitti, että lasten ja vanhempien näkemykset kohtaavat parhaiten rakenteellisessa
tuessa. Yhteys liikunnallisen tuen yhdenmukaisten käsitysten ja lasten fyysisen aktiivisuuden
välillä ei ollut tilastollisesti merkitsevä, vaikka yhtäläisesti vanhempiensa kanssa korkeaa tukea
raportoineet lapset liikkuivatkin päivittäin keskimäärin hieman enemmän muihin tutkittaviin
lapsiin verrattuna. Objektiivisesti mitatun fyysisen aktiivisuuden määrä oli, joskaan ei
tilastollisesti merkitsevästi, sitä korkeampi, mitä vahvemmaksi lapset ja vanhemmat olivat
arvioineet vanhempien tarjoaman liikunnallisen tuen. Tämän vuoksi olisikin tärkeää ohjata
vanhempia tukemaan lasten fyysistä aktiivisuutta ja pyrkiä lisäämään vanhempien liikkumista
yhdessä lasten kanssa.
The purpose of this study was to examine how parental support for physical activity affects 6– 11-year-old children’s objectively measured physical activity. The aim was to research children’s and parents’ perceptions of parental support and investigate the relationship between parent-child congruence in perspections of parental support, and the association of children’s physical activity with the congruence of perspections. In this study, physical activity was defined as any kind of moderate to vigorous motion participants engaged in during daytime hours. Data used in this study is a part of the Active Family -research project, which was conducted in the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä. The data was collected between the years of 2018 and 2020 from 97 different schools around Finland. The participants consisted of 6–11-year-old elementary school children and their parents, and the amount of participants in this study varied between 552 and 679 depending on the research question. Two separate questionnaires and accelerometers were utilized during the data collection. To analyze the research data, we used IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software. Children’s and parents’ perceptions of the parental support were described by using frequency analyzes, means, and standard deviations. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMCC) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to examine the correlations between the study variables, and differences in children’s physical activity between the congruence subgroups, respectively. The results of this study indicated that particularly children, but also parents reported high levels of parental support for physical activity. Furthermore, parents evaluated their own support in all areas of the social support questionnaire as higher than the support provided by their spouse. In addition, statistically significant correlation was found between parental support assessed by children and parents. When different aspects of support were compared, it was found that the perceptions between children and parents best met in terms of parental structure for physical activity. The difference in children ́s physical activity between the parent-child congruence subgroups was not statistically significant, although the results indicated that children who reported high levels of support similarly with their parents tended to be more physically active compared to other participants. Thus, the higher amount of objectively measured physical activity, the stronger, though not statistically significantly, the social support evaluated by children and parents. Therefore, it would be important to guide parents to increase their support and emphasize the importance of parents’ co-participation in children’s physical activity. Key words: parent-child congruence, physical activity, children, parents, parental support for physical activity
The purpose of this study was to examine how parental support for physical activity affects 6– 11-year-old children’s objectively measured physical activity. The aim was to research children’s and parents’ perceptions of parental support and investigate the relationship between parent-child congruence in perspections of parental support, and the association of children’s physical activity with the congruence of perspections. In this study, physical activity was defined as any kind of moderate to vigorous motion participants engaged in during daytime hours. Data used in this study is a part of the Active Family -research project, which was conducted in the Faculty of Sport and Health Sciences at the University of Jyväskylä. The data was collected between the years of 2018 and 2020 from 97 different schools around Finland. The participants consisted of 6–11-year-old elementary school children and their parents, and the amount of participants in this study varied between 552 and 679 depending on the research question. Two separate questionnaires and accelerometers were utilized during the data collection. To analyze the research data, we used IBM SPSS Statistics 26 software. Children’s and parents’ perceptions of the parental support were described by using frequency analyzes, means, and standard deviations. Pearson’s product-moment correlation coefficient (PPMCC) and analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) were used to examine the correlations between the study variables, and differences in children’s physical activity between the congruence subgroups, respectively. The results of this study indicated that particularly children, but also parents reported high levels of parental support for physical activity. Furthermore, parents evaluated their own support in all areas of the social support questionnaire as higher than the support provided by their spouse. In addition, statistically significant correlation was found between parental support assessed by children and parents. When different aspects of support were compared, it was found that the perceptions between children and parents best met in terms of parental structure for physical activity. The difference in children ́s physical activity between the parent-child congruence subgroups was not statistically significant, although the results indicated that children who reported high levels of support similarly with their parents tended to be more physically active compared to other participants. Thus, the higher amount of objectively measured physical activity, the stronger, though not statistically significantly, the social support evaluated by children and parents. Therefore, it would be important to guide parents to increase their support and emphasize the importance of parents’ co-participation in children’s physical activity. Key words: parent-child congruence, physical activity, children, parents, parental support for physical activity
Main Authors
Format
Theses
Master thesis
Published
2022
Subjects
The permanent address of the publication
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202206133274Use this for linking
Language
Finnish