Psykologisten perustarpeiden tyydyttymisen ja tukahduttamisen, koululiikuntamotivaation sekä viihtymisen yhteydet 7. Luokkalaisilla
Abstract
Pro gradu -tutkielmani tarkoituksena oli tutkia 7. luokkalaisten oppilaiden kokemien
psykologisten perustarpeiden tyydyttymisen ja tukahduttamisen, koululiikuntamotivaation sekä
viihtymisen yhteyksiä toisiinsa. Tutkimuksen kohdejoukko koostui 7. luokan oppilaista
Lohjalta, Haukiputaalta ja Joensuusta. Kokonaisuudessaan tutkimukseen osallistui 466
oppilasta. Aineiston kerääminen tapahtui kahdessa osassa. Ensimmäinen osa aineistosta
kerättiin osana laajempaa koululiikuntaa ja Move! -mittausjärjestelmää käsittelevää
pitkittäistutkimusta ja toinen osa lisäotoksena. Aineiston keruu tapahtui syksyllä 2019.
Koululiikuntamotivaatiota kartoitettiin The Revised Perceived Locus of Causality in Physical
Education scale -mittarin suomenkielisellä versiolla. Viihtymistä tarkasteltiin Sport
Commitment Questionnaire-2 -mittarin Enjoyment subscale -osiolla. Psykologisten
perustarpeiden tutkimista varten suomennettiin Haerensin ym. (2015) koululiikuntaan
sovellettu Adapted Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration scale -mittari.
Tutkimus toteutettiin määrällisenä tutkimuksena. Käytettyjen mittareiden luotettavuutta
tarkasteltiin Cronbachin alfakertoimen sekä Pearsonin tulomomenttikorrelaatiokertoimien
avulla. Lisäksi suomennetun psykologisia perustarpeita mittaavan mittarin validiteettia
tarkasteltiin eksploratiivisen faktorianalyysin avulla. Tutkimusdataa analysoitiin hierarkkisen
lineaarisen regressioanalyysin, T-testin ja Pearsonin tulomomenttikorrelaatiokertoimien avulla.
Tulosten mukaan viihtymistä selitti parhaiten sisäinen motivaatio sekä autonomian
tyydyttyminen. Myös pätevyyden tyydyttyminen selitti viihtymistä positiivisesti, kun taas
autonomian tukahduttaminen oli negatiivisesti yhteydessä viihtymiseen. Amotivaatio ja
ulkoinen säätely olivat tulosten mukaan negatiivisesti yhteydessä viihtymiseen
koululiikunnassa. Psykologisista perustarpeista autonomian tukahduttaminen oli yhteydessä
amotivaatioon ja ulkoiseen säätelyyn. Sekä pätevyyden että autonomian tyydyttyminen olivat
positiivisesti yhteydessä sisäiseen motivaatioon. Sosiaalisella yhteenkuuluvuudella ei ollut
tuloksien mukaan yhteyttä viihtymiseen tai motivaatioon koululiikunnassa.
The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between 7th grade students’ basic psychological needs, PE motivation and enjoyment. The participants of the study were 466 7th graders from Finland. The material for the study was collected in two parts in autumn 2019. The first part was collected as a part of a longitudinal study. The second part was collected for the purposes of this study. PE motivation was examined with the Finnish version of The Revised Perceived Locus of Causality in Physical Education Scale. The enjoyment was measured using the Finnish version of Enjoyment subscale in Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2. In order to measure basic psychological needs the Adapted Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration scale by Haerens et al. (2015) was translated to Finnish. The study was quantitative. The reliability and validity of the study were examined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, Pearson’s correlation coefficients and explorative factor analyses. The data was analyzed using hierarchical linear regression, T-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. According to the results, intrinsic motivation was related to enjoyment. Also, satisfaction of need for autonomy and competence were related to enjoyment while frustration of need for autonomy was negatively linked to enjoyment. Amotivation and external regulation were negatively linked to enjoyment in PE. Frustration of need for autonomy was related to amotivation and external regulation while satisfaction of autonomy and competence were positively linked to intrinsic motivation. According to this study the need for relatedness was not linked to enjoyment or motivation on physical education.
The aim of this study was to evaluate associations between 7th grade students’ basic psychological needs, PE motivation and enjoyment. The participants of the study were 466 7th graders from Finland. The material for the study was collected in two parts in autumn 2019. The first part was collected as a part of a longitudinal study. The second part was collected for the purposes of this study. PE motivation was examined with the Finnish version of The Revised Perceived Locus of Causality in Physical Education Scale. The enjoyment was measured using the Finnish version of Enjoyment subscale in Sport Commitment Questionnaire-2. In order to measure basic psychological needs the Adapted Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration scale by Haerens et al. (2015) was translated to Finnish. The study was quantitative. The reliability and validity of the study were examined using Cronbach’s alpha coefficients, Pearson’s correlation coefficients and explorative factor analyses. The data was analyzed using hierarchical linear regression, T-test and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. According to the results, intrinsic motivation was related to enjoyment. Also, satisfaction of need for autonomy and competence were related to enjoyment while frustration of need for autonomy was negatively linked to enjoyment. Amotivation and external regulation were negatively linked to enjoyment in PE. Frustration of need for autonomy was related to amotivation and external regulation while satisfaction of autonomy and competence were positively linked to intrinsic motivation. According to this study the need for relatedness was not linked to enjoyment or motivation on physical education.
Main Author
Format
Theses
Master thesis
Published
2020
Subjects
The permanent address of the publication
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-202008285673Use this for linking
Language
Finnish