How and why? : explaining the factors that influence ERP system usage from the end-users perspective : a literature review
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2020Copyright
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ERP-toteutusprojekteja ja menestystekijöitä näissä projekteissa on tutkittu yksityiskohtaisesti viimeisten vuosikymmenten aikana. Vähemmän huomiota on kuitenkin kiinnitetty tekijöihin, jotka vaikuttavat ERP-järjestelmän käyttöön loppukäyttäjän näkökulmasta koko ERP-toteutuksen elinkaaren ajan. Tämä tutkimus kuvaa ensin ERP järjestelmän ja sen elinkaaren sekä erilaiset tietojärjestelmien käytön teoriat TRA:sta UTAUT2:een ennen kuin perehdymme kirjallisuuskatsaukseen kerätäksemme kokoelman tekijöitä, jotka vaikuttavat ERP käyttöön. Aikaisemman kirjallisuuden analysoinnin pohjalta tunnistamme kaksikymmentä kahdeksan ERP käyttöön vaikuttavaa tekijää. Nämä tekijät luokitellaan viiden UTAUT2 mallin pohjalta muokatun käsitteen alle; ERP käyttökelpoisuus, ERP helppokäyttöisyys, sosiaalinen vaikutus, mahdollistavat olosuhteet, ja henkilökohtaiset piirteet. Lisäksi luodaan integroiva malli havainnollistamaan, kuinka tunnistetut tekijät liittyvät ERP toteutuksen eri vaiheisiin. Tutkimuksessa todettiin, että monet tunnistetuista tekijöistä olivat merkityksellisiä, ja se antaa selkeän kuvan siitä, kuinka vaikuttavat tekijät muuttuvat, kun ERP-toteutusprojekti kypsyy. Tärkeimpiä tunnistettuja vaikuttavia tekijöitä olivat johdon tuki ja ERP-viestintä.
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Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) implementation projects and success factors in those projects have been studied in details in the past decades. However, less attention has been given to the factos that influence ERP system usage from the end-users perspective throughout the full ERP implementation lifecycle. This study first explains the ERP system and lifecycle and the different information system usage theories from TRA to UTAUT2 before diving into a literature review to gather a collection of factors affecting ERP usage. Based on the analysis of prior literature a total of twenty eight factors are identified. These factors are categorized under five modified constructs of the UTAUT2 model; ERP usefulness, ERP ease of use, social influence, facilitating conditions and individual traits. Futhermore, an integrative model is constructed to illustrate how the identified factors link to the different ERP implementation phases. This study found many of the identified factors to be relevant, and shows a clear picture on how the affecting factors change as the ERP implementation project matures. Key influencing factors identified included management support and ERP communication.
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