Aquatic effects and risk assessment of multi-metal leachates from metal mining and acid sulphate soils
Julkaistu sarjassa
JYU dissertationsTekijät
Päivämäärä
2018Oppiaine
Akvaattiset tieteetTekijänoikeudet
© The Author & University of Jyväskylä
Leachates and effluents from acid sulphate soils and metal mining compose a
significant part of metal and sulphate loads into aquatic environments in
Finland. Acid sulphate soils have deteriorated the water systems of the
Ostrobothnian region for several decades. Discharges from metal mining have
similar characteristics as leachates from acid sulphate soils. The extent of metal
contamination and its effects were surveyed altogether in 10 estuaries in
western Finland and in 9 lakes affected by biomining and conventional mining
activities. Assessment also included monitoring data and toxicity tests with
benthic macroinvertebrates. Metal concentrations in the estuary sediments were
elevated and acidity was transported to the estuaries. The most evident acid
sulphate soil induced effect was deterioration of the benthic communities in the
estuaries. The risk of having negative effects due to acid sulphate soils was
elevated in 9 out of 10 estuaries. Effects observed in the mining-affected lakes
were comparable to effects induced by acid sulphate soil leachates. In both
mining sites, concentrations of the ore metals were elevated especially in the
lake sediments close to the mine. Sequential extractions of the sediments
suggested that the partitioning of the ore metals Ni and Cu in the studied
sediments were of anthropogenic origin. The laboratory toxicity tests with the
standard test species Lumbriculus variegatus indicated reduced growth and
reproduction and altered behavioural responses, with growth and reproduction
being more sensitive endpoints. However, behavioural responses seemed to be
sensitive enough for quick screening-level assessments. The field-collected lake
sediments did not sustain their original properties, such as pH, which made
their ecotoxicity assessment challenging. Thus, there remains a need to develop
methods for comprehensive risk assessment of challenging sediments.
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Julkaisija
Jyväskylän yliopistoISBN
978-951-39-7527-2ISSN Hae Julkaisufoorumista
2489-9003Julkaisuun sisältyy osajulkaisuja
- Artikkeli I: Wallin J., Karjalainen A.K., Schultz E., Järvistö J., Leppänen M.T. & Vuori K.-M. 2015. Weight-of-evidence approach in assessment of ecotoxicological risks of acid sulphate soils in the Baltic Sea river estuaries. Science of The Total Environment 508: 452–461. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2014.11.073
- Artikkeli II:Wallin J., Karjalainen J.S., Väisänen A., Kukkonen J.V.K. & Karjalainen A.K. 2018. Ecotoxicity assessment of mining-affected lake sediments by Lumbriculus variegatus biotest. Manuscript.
- Artikkeli III: Wallin, J., Vuori, K.-M., Väisänen, A., Salmelin, J., & Karjalainen, A. (2018). Lumbriculus variegatus (Annelida) biological responses and sediment sequential extractions indicate ecotoxicity of lake sediments contaminated by biomining. Science of the Total Environment, 645, 1253-1263. DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.07.117
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