The Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education Scale in Filipino: An Exploratory Factor Analysis

Fulfillment of students’ basic psychological needs in school physical education is essential for their optimal motivation and well-being. The present study aimed to: (1) translate the Basic Psychological Needs in Physical Education Scale (BPNPE Scale; Vlachopoulos, Katarzi, & Kontou, 2011) to Filipino, and (2) examine the reliability and validity of the Filipino version. Instrument translation was conducted using a committee-approach back-translation procedure. The Filipino version was then administered to 408 public high school students from Metro Manila during one of their PE classes. Results showed that internal consistency reliabilities of the subscales were adequate with alphas ranging from .70 to .83. Construct validity was supported with r values ranging from .37 to .60 (p < .001). Finally, exploratory factor analysis revealed a clear three-factor structure reflective of the three psychological needs (competence, autonomy, relatedness). In conclusion, findings provided preliminary support to the Filipino version of the BPNPE scale as a psychometrically-sound instrument for assessing needs fulfillment in PE among Filipino high school students. Nevertheless, further validation is recommended.