Ärsykkeiden ryhmittelyn vaikutus lasten oppimiseen työmuistia kuormittavassa oppimispelissä
Abstract
Tässä tutkielmassa tutkimme lasten suoriutumista selaimella pelattavassa oppimispelissä. Kehitimme tutkimusta varten uuden pelin, jossa oli 10 erilaista työmuistia kuormittavaa kenttää. Näistä kuusi perustui auditiivisiin ja neljä visuaalisiin ärsykkeisiin. Pelikenttien vaikeustaso eli niissä muistettavien ärsykkeiden määrä adaptoitiin pelissä bayesilaisella algoritmilla pelaajien suoritustasoa vastaavaksi. Pelin pelaaminen edellytti suomen kielen ja numeroiden ymmärtämistä. Mainostimme peliä päiväkodeissa ja Facebookin Leijonaemot-ryhmässä, joka on ryhmä erityislasten äideille. Saimme tutkimukseen 1 074 vapaaehtoista pelaajaa, jotka pelasivat yhteensä 23 315 peliyritystä, keskiarvon ollessa 22 ja mediaanin 8 yritystä pelaajaa kohti. Pelaamisen myötä pelissä suoriutuminen parani tilastollisesti, kun pelaajat oppivat käyttämään pelissä paremmin omaa rajattua muistikapasiteettiaan: pelaajien kenttäkohtainen maksimitulos ei juuri parantunut, mutta pelaajien keskiarvo peliyrityksissä parani. Lisäksi jaoimme pelaajat kahteen ryhmään, joista toiselle annettiin 30 % peliyrityksissä ryhmiteltyjä syötteitä. Tällä ei havaittu edistävää vaikutusta, vaan pienissä ärsykemäärissä ryhmittely jopa heikensi suoritusta. Lopuksi havaitsimme pelaajien virheissä toistuvan tilastollisesti erittäin merkitsevänä (N = 443, p < 0,001) jo aikaisemmasta tutkimuksesta tunnetun edeltävän listan takaumaksi kutsutun ilmiön, jossa onnistuneen pelikerran vastaus vaikutti sitä seuranneen epäonnistuneen pelikerran virheelliseen vastaukseen.
In this study we examined children’s performance in an educational web game. We published a new game containing 10 different working memory intensive tasks. The presentation modality was visual in four games and auditory in six games. The difficulty level of the game – the amount of given stimulus in the level – adapted to player skills with bayesian algorithm. Ability to understand Finnish and numbers was needed to successfully play the game. We advertised the game in kindergartens and in a Facebook group for mothers of children with special needs. We got 1 074 volunteer players’ who performed 23 315 game tries, average being 22 and median 8 tries per player. Game results got statistically better with playing but only within the limits of players memory capacity. There was very small change in maximum results in different game levels and the noticable change happened in average results. In addition, we divided the players into two groups, one of which was given 30 % chunked stimulus. There was no improvement effect between groups, and even worse, on the memory span of two results were interfered by chunking. Finally, in our study we reproduced, with statistically higly significant results (N = 443, p < 0,001), a well known phenomenon called prior-list intrusion, where stimulus from the previous trials affect responses of the subsequent trials.
In this study we examined children’s performance in an educational web game. We published a new game containing 10 different working memory intensive tasks. The presentation modality was visual in four games and auditory in six games. The difficulty level of the game – the amount of given stimulus in the level – adapted to player skills with bayesian algorithm. Ability to understand Finnish and numbers was needed to successfully play the game. We advertised the game in kindergartens and in a Facebook group for mothers of children with special needs. We got 1 074 volunteer players’ who performed 23 315 game tries, average being 22 and median 8 tries per player. Game results got statistically better with playing but only within the limits of players memory capacity. There was very small change in maximum results in different game levels and the noticable change happened in average results. In addition, we divided the players into two groups, one of which was given 30 % chunked stimulus. There was no improvement effect between groups, and even worse, on the memory span of two results were interfered by chunking. Finally, in our study we reproduced, with statistically higly significant results (N = 443, p < 0,001), a well known phenomenon called prior-list intrusion, where stimulus from the previous trials affect responses of the subsequent trials.
Main Authors
Format
Theses
Master thesis
Published
2015
Subjects
The permanent address of the publication
https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:jyu-201601261286Use this for linking
Language
Finnish
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The material is available for reading at the archive workstation of the University of Jyväskylä Library.
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