The role of broadcast media in disaster preparedness education : lessons learned in the scientific

Abstract

This paper aims to clarify the role of broadcast media in disaster preparedness education concerning natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis. This is done by means of a systematic review of the scientific literature on this topic over the last 10 years. The results show that media information is a strong facilitator of awareness of disasters. Preparedness includes action to reduce risks, which also needs community interaction, resources and motivation. It adds to indigenous knowledge and experience of disasters, and may combine self-education by the media, school education and community efforts for disaster risk reduction. An inclusive approach is also called for in order to involve vulnerable groups, such as the elderly or handicapped. The role of the media is seen in a positive way, such as providing warnings and updated information on the crisis situation, but also in a negative way, such as framing response activities and sensationalizing events, which may result in disseminating an inaccurate picture. In the literature, the role of the media is discussed in relation to the various phases of a disaster. This paper brings together insights on the topic, identifies the issues addressed and current trends in the scientific literature.