Do highly ornamented and less parasitized males have high quality sperm? : an experimental test for parasite-induced reproductive trade-offs in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus)
Kekäläinen, J., Pirhonen, J., & Taskinen, J. (2014). Do highly ornamented and less parasitized males have high quality sperm? : an experimental test for parasite-induced reproductive trade-offs in European minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus). Ecology and Evolution, 4(22), 4237-4246. https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3.1267
Julkaistu sarjassa
Ecology and EvolutionPäivämäärä
2014Tekijänoikeudet
© 2014 The Authors. Ecology and Evolution published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.
This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Parasites take their resources from hosts and thus directly reduce available
resources for hosts’ own body functions, such as growth and reproduction. Furthermore,
parasite infections cause significant indirect costs to their hosts in
terms of increased investments on immune defense. In this study, we investigated
the impact of parasite infection on the sperm quality and expression of
secondary sexual ornamentation (saturation of the red abdominal colouration
and number of breeding tubercles) in the Eurasian minnow (Phoxinus phoxinus).
We exposed minnows to a high and low dose of common nonspecific fish
ectoparasite, the glochidia larvae of duck mussel (Anodonta anatina) and tested
whether parasite infection leads to trade-off in sperm quality and/or ornamental
expression. We found that glochidia infection reduces the curvature of the
sperm swimming trajectory, number of breeding tubercles, and possibly male
competitive ability, but does not affect expression of male color ornamentation.
Furthermore, glochidia infection was found to reduce sperm motility, but only
when all the noninfected individuals were excluded from the model. Supporting
one of the predictions by phenotype-linked fertility hypothesis both in highinfection
and low-infection group male breeding colouration was positively
associated with sperm quality. Our results suggest that although glochidia infection
may have negative impact on male reproductive success, parasite-induced
costs may not create strong trade-off between breeding colouration and
sperm quality or that such trade-off become detectable only in resource-limited
conditions.
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This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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