All-Possible-Couplings Approach to Measuring Probabilistic Context
Dzhafarov, E. N., & Kujala, J. (2013). All-Possible-Couplings Approach to Measuring Probabilistic Context. Plos one, 8(5), Article e61712. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0061712
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© 2013 Dzhafarov, Kujala. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
From behavioral sciences to biology to quantum mechanics, one encounters situations where (i) a system outputs several
random variables in response to several inputs, (ii) for each of these responses only some of the inputs may ‘‘directly’’
influence them, but (iii) other inputs provide a ‘‘context’’ for this response by influencing its probabilistic relations to other
responses. These contextual influences are very different, say, in classical kinetic theory and in the entanglement paradigm
of quantum mechanics, which are traditionally interpreted as representing different forms of physical determinism. One can
mathematically construct systems with other types of contextuality, whether or not empirically realizable: those that form
special cases of the classical type, those that fall between the classical and quantum ones, and those that violate the
quantum type. We show how one can quantify and classify all logically possible contextual influences by studying various
sets of probabilistic couplings, i.e., sets of joint distributions imposed on random outputs recorded at different (mutually
incompatible) values of inputs.
...
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https://converis.jyu.fi/converis/portal/detail/Publication/23823781
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Except where otherwise noted, this item's license is described as © 2013 Dzhafarov, Kujala. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
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